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Shloka 20

Arjuna–Bhīṣma Strategic Engagement and Mutual Arrow-Interdiction (भीष्मार्जुनसमागमः)

तस्मिन्‌ प्रथमसंग्रामे भीमज्यातलनिःस्वने । तावकानां परेषां च नासीत्‌ कश्चित्‌ पराड्मुख:,उस प्रथम संग्राममें जब भयानक धनुषोंकी टंकार तथा ताल ठोंकनेकी आवाज हो रही थी, आपके तथा पाण्डवोंके दलमें भी कोई युद्धसे विमुख नहीं हुआ

tasmin prathama-saṅgrāme bhīma-jyā-tala-niḥsvane | tāvakānāṃ pareṣāṃ ca nāsīt kaścit parāṅmukhaḥ ||

Sañjaya nói: Trong cuộc giao chiến đầu tiên ấy, giữa tiếng dây cung rung rợn người và tiếng đập tay lên cánh tay vang dội để thách chiến, không một ai—dù bên con trai ngài hay bên quân đối địch—quay mặt rời chiến trường.

तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
प्रथम-संग्रामेin the first battle
प्रथम-संग्रामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रथम + संग्राम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भीम-जयातल-निःस्वनेamid the dreadful twang/roar of bowstrings
भीम-जयातल-निःस्वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभीम + ज्यातल + निःस्वन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तावकानाम्of your (people/side)
तावकानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootतावक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
परेषाम्of the others (the opposing side)
परेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular
कश्चित्anyone (someone)
कश्चित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पराङ्मुखःturned away; facing away (from battle)
पराङ्मुखः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपराङ्मुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'tāvakānām')
K
Kauravas (tāvakāḥ)
P
Pāṇḍavas and allies (pare)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights steadfastness in one’s chosen duty: in the opening engagement, neither side faltered or turned away. Ethically, it frames the battlefield as a test of resolve and kṣatriya-dharma—courage and commitment, regardless of which side one serves.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that at the very start of the war, the field thundered with bowstring twangs and warriors’ challenge-cries/arm-slaps, and that no warrior among the Kauravas or the opposing forces retreated or lost heart.