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Shloka 33

भीष्मरथाभिमुख्यं — Arjuna’s advance with Śikhaṇḍin; Duḥśāsana’s interception

तस्मिन्‌ रौद्रे तथा युद्धे वर्तमाने महा भये । प्रावर्तत नदी घोरा शोणितान्त्रतरद्धिणी,उस महाभयंकर घोर युद्धमें रक्त, आँत और तरंगोंसे युक्त एक भयानक नदी बह चली

tasmin raudre tathā yuddhe vartamāne mahābhaye | prāvartata nadī ghorā śoṇitāntrataraddhiṇī ||

Sañjaya thưa: “Khi trận chiến dữ dội ấy còn tiếp diễn trong nỗi kinh hoàng tột độ, một dòng sông ghê rợn bỗng tuôn chảy—dòng nước là máu, trong lòng lẫn ruột gan, và sóng cuộn toàn máu me.”

तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
रौद्रेterrible/fierce
रौद्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootरौद्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तथाthus/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
युद्धेin the battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वर्तमानेwhile proceeding/going on
वर्तमाने:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Neuter, Locative, Singular
महाgreat
महा:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
भयेin fear/terror
भये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
प्रावर्ततbegan to flow/started
प्रावर्तत:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + वृत्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
नदीa river
नदी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
घोराterrible
घोरा:
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
शोणितblood
शोणित:
TypeNoun
Rootशोणित
FormNeuter, Stem (compound member), —
अन्त्रintestines/guts
अन्त्र:
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त्र
FormNeuter, Stem (compound member), —
तरङ्गwaves
तरङ्ग:
TypeNoun
Rootतरङ्ग
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member), —
ढिणीpossessing/abounding in
ढिणी:
TypeAdjective
Rootढिणी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
battlefield (Kurukṣetra implied)
R
river of blood and entrails (metaphoric/visionary image)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the catastrophic ethical cost of war: when violence becomes unchecked, it transforms the world into a landscape of terror and dehumanization, symbolized by a ‘river’ made of blood and entrails.

Sañjaya describes the battle at its most dreadful intensity, using a stark, visionary metaphor: a ghastly river begins to flow on the battlefield, composed of blood and entrails, conveying the scale of slaughter.