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Shloka 9

Adhyāya 40: Brahmā on Mahān (The Great Principle) and the All-Pervading Puruṣa

अहंकारात्‌ प्रसूतानि महाभूतानि पञ्च वै । पृथिवी वायुराकाशमापो ज्योतिश्व॒ पठचमम्‌,पृथ्वी, वायु, आकाश, जल और पाँचवाँ तेज--ये पाँचों महाभूत अहंकारसे उत्पन्न होते हैं

ahaṅkārāt prasūtāni mahābhūtāni pañca vai | pṛthivī vāyur ākāśam āpo jyotiś ca pañcamam ||

Thần Vāyu nói: Từ ngã chấp (ahaṅkāra) phát sinh năm đại chủng—đất, gió, hư không, nước, và thứ năm là lửa/ánh sáng. Vì thế, thế giới hữu thân được truy nguyên về nguyên lý nội tại của sự “làm ra cái tôi”, nhắc người kiềm chế kiêu mạn và nuôi dưỡng trí phân biệt.

अहंकारात्from ego (ahaṅkāra)
अहंकारात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअहंकार
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
प्रसूतानिproduced, born
प्रसूतानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रसू
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
महाभूतानिthe great elements
महाभूतानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहाभूत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्च
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पृथिवीearth
पृथिवी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
वायुःwind/air
वायुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आकाशम्space/ether
आकाशम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआकाश
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आपःwaters
आपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअप्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
ज्योतिःlight/fire
ज्योतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu-deva
A
ahaṅkāra
M
mahābhūtas (pṛthivī, vāyu, ākāśa, āpaḥ, jyotiḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents a cosmological-ethical insight: the five great elements that constitute the material world are said to arise from ahaṅkāra (the ego-sense). Recognizing ego as a root cause encourages humility, discrimination (viveka), and loosening attachment to bodily identity.

Vāyu-deva is instructing the listener by outlining the origin of the physical constituents of the world. The statement functions as a doctrinal explanation within the discourse, grounding moral self-restraint in a metaphysical account of how embodied existence is formed.