Shloka 65

Mokṣa-dharma Yoga-Upadeśa: Equanimity, Sense-Restraint, and Vision of the Ātman (आत्मदर्शन-योगोपदेशः)

Devanagari script

यः परित्यज्यते मर्त्यो लोकसारमसारवत्‌ | एतैरुपायै: स क्षिप्रं परां गतिमवाप्रुते

Transliteration

yaḥ parityajyate martyo lokasāram asāravat | etair upāyaiḥ sa kṣipraṃ parāṃ gatim avāpnoti, bharataśreṣṭha |

Translation

Thần Vāyu nói: “Hỡi bậc ưu tú nhất trong dòng Bharata, kẻ phàm nhân nào từ bỏ điều mà người đời xem là ‘cốt tủy’ của đời sống thế tục, thấy rõ nó vốn không có thực chất, thì nhờ chính những phương tiện ấy sẽ mau chóng đạt đến cảnh giới tối thượng.”

Word by Word

• {'yaḥ': 'who (relative pronoun)', 'parityajyate': 'renounces, abandons (gives up completely)', 'martyaḥ': 'a mortal, human being', 'loka-sāra': 'the ‘essence’ or prized substance of worldly life

• worldly enjoyments and aims', 'asāravat': 'as insubstantial, as lacking true essence', 'etaiḥ': 'by these (means)', 'upāyaiḥ': 'means, methods, disciplines, expedients', 'kṣipram': 'quickly, swiftly', 'parām': 'supreme, highest', 'gatim': 'goal, course, final state

• liberation/highest destiny', 'avāpnoti': 'attains, reaches, obtains', 'bharataśreṣṭha': 'O best among the Bharatas (honorific address)'}

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
• Bharataśreṣṭha (address to a Bharata prince/descendant)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Worldly enjoyments, though commonly treated as the ‘essence’ of life, are ultimately insubstantial; a wise person who renounces attachment to them and follows the prescribed disciplines quickly reaches the supreme goal (parā gati).

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyudeva is instructing a Bharata-descended listener, concluding a set of recommended ‘means’ (upāyas) by stating their fruit: swift attainment of the highest destiny for one who abandons worldly attachment.