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Shloka 18

Dehānta (Cyavana) and Upapatti: Kāśyapa’s Questions and the Siddha’s Account of Death, Pain, and Karmic Re-embodiment

वेदनाभि: परीतात्मा तद्‌ विद्धि द्विजसत्तम । जातीमरणसंविग्ना: सततं सर्वजन्तवः

vedanābhiḥ parītātmā tad viddhi dvijasattama | jātimaraṇasaṃvignāḥ satataṃ sarvajantavaḥ ||

Vị Siddha nói: “Hãy biết cho tường tận, hỡi bậc tối thượng trong hàng nhị sinh: vào lúc lâm chung, tự ngã mang thân bị những cơn đau quặn thắt chiếm lấy cả thân lẫn tâm. Vì thế, mọi loài hữu tình trong thế gian luôn bị dày vò không dứt, thường trực bất an trước sinh và tử.”

वेदनाभिःby/with pains, by sufferings
वेदनाभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवेदना
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
परीतात्माwhose self is enveloped/overcome (by them)
परीतात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरीत-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that (fact)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विद्धिknow (you)! / understand!
विद्धि:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
द्विजसत्तमO best of the twice-born
द्विजसत्तम:
TypeNoun (vocative address)
Rootद्विज-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
जाति-मरण-संविग्नाःdistressed by birth and death
जाति-मरण-संविग्नाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजाति-मरण-संविग्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सततम्always, continually
सततम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसततम्
सर्वजन्तवःall creatures
सर्वजन्तवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व-जन्तु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

सिद्ध उवाच

S
Siddha
D
dvijasattama (addressed Brahmin interlocutor)
S
sarvajantavaḥ (all living beings)

Educational Q&A

That embodied life is pervaded by suffering and anxiety centered on the cycle of birth and death; recognizing this is meant to awaken dispassion (vairāgya) and a search for liberation-oriented dharma.

A Siddha instructs a learned interlocutor (addressed as ‘best of the twice-born’) about the universal condition of beings: at death the person is overwhelmed by pain, and therefore creatures remain constantly troubled by the inevitability of birth and death.