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Shloka 46

अश्रमवासिनां विषादः — Lament in Hastināpura after the Elders’ Forest Withdrawal

तस्य भार्याशतमिदं दुःखशोकसमाहतम्‌ । पुन: पुनर्वर्धयानं शोकं राज्ञो ममैव च

tasya bhāryāśatam idaṃ duḥkhaśokasamāhatam | punaḥ punar vardhayānaṃ śokaṃ rājño mamaiva ca

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Đoàn thê thiếp của ông ấy, bị quật ngã bởi khổ đau và sầu thảm, cứ hết lần này đến lần khác làm tăng thêm tiếng than khóc—của nhà vua và của cả ta nữa.”

तस्यof him/that (king)
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
भार्याशतम्the hundred wives (group of a hundred wives)
भार्याशतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या + शत
Formneuter, nominative, singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Visheshana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
दुःखशोकसमाहतम्struck/afflicted by sorrow and grief
दुःखशोकसमाहतम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःख + शोक + समाहत
Formneuter, nominative, singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Adverbial
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Adverbial
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
वर्धयानम्increasing, causing to grow
वर्धयानम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्धयत् (causative present participle of √वृध्)
Formneuter, nominative, singular
शोकम्grief
शोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशोक
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
ममof me/my
मम:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formcommon, genitive, singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
Emphasis
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
Conjunction
TypeIndeclinable
Root

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
T
the king (rājā)
H
his wives (bhāryāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how collective mourning multiplies suffering: grief is contagious and amplifies when shared in a distressed community, reminding the listener of the fragility of worldly ties and the need for steadiness and compassion in the face of loss.

Vaiśampāyana describes a scene where the king is surrounded by his many wives, all overwhelmed by sorrow; their repeated lamentations intensify the king’s own grief, and even the narrator is affected by the atmosphere of mourning.