Shloka 6

Chatra–Upānah Dāna: Origin Narrative

Jamadagni–Reṇukā–Sūrya Saṃvāda

Devanagari script

जम्मु: पुरस्कृत्य महानुभावं शतक्रतुं वृत्रहण नरेन्द्रा: । तीर्थानि सर्वाणि परि भ्रमन्तो माघ्यां ययु: कौशिकी पुण्यतीर्थाम्‌

Transliteration

Jambhuḥ puraskṛtya mahānubhāvaṃ śatakratuṃ vṛtrahaṇaṃ narendrāḥ | tīrthāni sarvāṇi pari bhramanto māghyāṃ yayuḥ kauśikīṃ puṇyatīrthām ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: Đặt lên hàng đầu Đế Thích Indra lẫy lừng—bậc làm trăm tế lễ, kẻ diệt Vṛtra—các vua chúa lên đường hành hương. Lang thang qua mọi bến thánh (tīrtha), rốt cuộc họ đến sông Kauśikī linh thiêng, một dòng nước tẩy tịnh và thánh địa hành hương, đúng vào ngày rằm cát tường của tháng Māgha.

Word by Word

• जम्बुः: Jambu (a person/king named Jambu)
• जम्बुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जम्बु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पुरस्कृत्य: having placed in front; having made (him) the leader
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरस्-कृ
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)

• महानुभावम्: the great-souled (one)
• महानुभावम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महानुभाव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• शतक्रतुम्: Śatakratu (Indra, performer of a hundred sacrifices)
• शतक्रतुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शतक्रतु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• वृत्रहन्: Vṛtrahan (slayer of Vṛtra; Indra)
• वृत्रहन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृत्रहन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• नरेन्द्राः: kings; lords of men
• नरेन्द्राः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरेन्द्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तीर्थानि: pilgrimage-places; sacred fords
• तीर्थानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तीर्थ
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• सर्वाणि: all
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• परिभ्रमन्तः: wandering around; roaming
• परिभ्रमन्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-भ्रम्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• माघ्याम्: belonging to (the month of) Māgha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: माघी
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• ययुः: they went
• Type: Verb
• Root: या
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• कौशिकीम्: to the Kauśikī (river)
• कौशिकीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौशिकी
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• पुण्यतीर्थाम्: a holy sacred-ford (holy tīrtha)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुण्यतीर्थ
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Jambhu
• Indra (Śatakratu, Vṛtrahan)
• Narendras (kings)
• Tīrthas (pilgrimage sites)
• Māgha (month)
• Kauśikī (river/pilgrimage site)
• Vṛtra

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights tīrtha-yātrā as a dharmic discipline: moving through sacred places with right intention, under worthy guidance, and at auspicious times to cultivate merit (puṇya) and moral refinement.

What is happening in the narrative?

A group of kings, led by Indra (praised as Śatakratu and Vṛtrahan), travels through many pilgrimage sites and arrives at the holy Kauśikī river on the Māgha full-moon observance.