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Shloka 13

अलोभोपाख्यानम् — शुनःसख-यातुधानी-संवादः

The Allegory of Non-Greed: Śunaḥsakha and the Yātudhānī

रक्षांसि चापवर्तन्ते स्थिते देवे हुताशने । पूर्व पिण्डं पितुर्दद्यात्‌ ततो दद्यात्‌ पितामहे,अग्निदेवके विराजमान रहनेपर राक्षस वहाँसे भाग जाते हैं। सबसे पहले पिताको पिण्ड देना चाहिये, फिर पितामहको

rakṣāṃsi cāpavartante sthite deve hutāśane | pūrvaṃ piṇḍaṃ pitur dadyāt tato dadyāt pitāmahe ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Khi Thần Lửa (Agni) được an lập đúng phép và bừng cháy rực rỡ, các loài quỷ dữ liền rút lui, bỏ chạy. Trong nghi lễ dâng piṇḍa, trước hết phải dâng cho cha, rồi sau mới dâng cho ông nội—đó là giữ đúng trật tự của bổn phận đối với tổ tiên và phép tắc nghi lễ.”

रक्षांसिdemons, rakshasas
रक्षांसि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपवर्तन्तेturn away, withdraw, go away
अपवर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-√वृत्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
स्थितेwhen (he) is present/standing
स्थिते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थित
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
देवेin/when the god
देवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
हुताशनेin/when Agni (the fire), 'eater of oblations'
हुताशने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहुताशन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पूर्वम्first, beforehand
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्वम्
पिण्डम्funeral rice-ball (pinda)
पिण्डम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपिण्ड
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पितुःof/for the father
पितुः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
दद्यात्should give
दद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Root√दा
FormPresent, Optative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
दद्यात्should give
दद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Root√दा
FormPresent, Optative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
पितामहेto/for the grandfather
पितामहे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
A
Agni (Hutāśana)
R
Rakṣasas (rakṣāṃsi)
F
Father (pitṛ)
G
Grandfather (pitāmaha)
P
Piṇḍa (funeral offering)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches correct ritual order and dharmic propriety in ancestral offerings: establish Agni properly to remove obstructive forces, and offer piṇḍa first to the father, then to the grandfather, honoring hierarchy and sequence in pitṛ-dharma.

Bhishma is instructing on śrāddha-related conduct. He states that when the Fire-deity is present and the rite is properly set, harmful beings retreat, and he prescribes the sequence of offering piṇḍas—first to the father and then to the grandfather.