Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 6

अनुशासनपर्व अध्याय ९३ — तपस्, सदोपवास, विघसाशन, अतिथिप्रियता

Austerity, regulated fasting, residual-eating, and hospitality

कितवो भ्रूणहा यक्ष्मी पशुपालो निराकृति: । ग्रामप्रेष्यो वार्धुषिको गायन: सर्वविक्रयी

kitavo bhrūṇahā yakṣmī paśupālo nirākṛtiḥ | grāmapreṣyo vārdhuṣiko gāyanaḥ sarvavikrayī ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Kẻ cờ bạc, kẻ sát hại thai nhi, người mắc chứng hao mòn, kẻ chăn nuôi gia súc với hạnh kiểm thấp kém, người có dung mạo dị dạng/đáng ghê sợ, kẻ sai dịch trong làng chuyên chạy việc, kẻ cho vay nặng lãi, người hát xướng làm nghề, và kẻ buôn bán đủ mọi thứ—những hạng người ấy bị kể vào loại bị xã hội chê trách và đáng ngờ về đạo hạnh.”

कितवःgambler
कितवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकितव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भ्रूणहाslayer of an embryo (foeticide)
भ्रूणहा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रूणहन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यक्ष्मीconsumptive; one afflicted with phthisis
यक्ष्मी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयक्ष्मिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पशुपालःcattle-herd; keeper of animals
पशुपालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपशुपाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निराकृतिःone of repulsive appearance; ugliness
निराकृतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिराकृति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
ग्रामप्रेष्यःvillage messenger/servant
ग्रामप्रेष्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootग्रामप्रेष्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वार्धुषिकःusurer; moneylender (at interest)
वार्धुषिकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवार्धुषिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गायनःsinger; minstrel
गायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वविक्रयीseller of everything; general trader
सर्वविक्रयी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वविक्रयिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

The verse catalogs types of people regarded as ethically compromised or socially censured—those associated with grave sin (like foeticide), harmful habits (gambling), exploitative livelihood (usury), or disreputable conduct—implying that dharma requires discernment about character and association.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhīṣma continues his didactic discourse by listing categories of persons viewed as blameworthy or unfit in certain social-ethical contexts, as part of broader guidance on conduct and moral evaluation.