Shloka 40
अनुशासनपर्व अध्याय ९३ — तपस्, सदोपवास, विघसाशन, अतिथिप्रियता
Austerity, regulated fasting, residual-eating, and hospitality
Devanagari script
तस्मात् सर्वप्रयत्नेन परीक्ष्यामन्त्रयेद् द्विजान्ू
Transliteration
tasmāt sarvaprayatnena parīkṣyāmantrayed dvijān
Translation
Vì thế, phải dốc mọi nỗ lực, trước hết khảo nghiệm và thẩm định, rồi mới nên bàn hỏi các bậc “hai lần sinh” (dvija)—những Bà-la-môn học giả.
Word by Word
तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
सर्वप्रयत्नेनwith all effort/with utmost effort
सर्वप्रयत्नेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वप्रयत्न
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
परीक्ष्यhaving examined
परीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-ईक्ष्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
मन्त्रयेत्should consult/should take counsel
मन्त्रयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्त्रय्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
द्विजान्Brahmins/twice-born (men)
द्विजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhīṣmaD
dvijāḥ (twice-born/Brahmins)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Before relying on religious or learned advisers, one should carefully examine their character and competence; only then should one seek their counsel, doing so with full diligence.
Bhīṣma, instructing on dharma and proper conduct, advises the listener (contextually Yudhiṣṭhira) that counsel should be taken from qualified, tested dvijas rather than indiscriminately.