Shloka 35

अनुशासनपर्व अध्याय ९३ — तपस्, सदोपवास, विघसाशन, अतिथिप्रियता

Austerity, regulated fasting, residual-eating, and hospitality

Devanagari script

अधीत्य च यथान्यायं विधिवत्‌ तस्य कारिण: । उपपन्नो गुरुकुले सत्यवादी सहस्रश:

Transliteration

adhītya ca yathānyāyaṁ vidhivat tasya kāriṇaḥ | upapanno gurukule satyavādī sahasraśaḥ ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: “Những người đã học đúng theo phép tắc và hành trì đúng theo điều đã học; những người được rèn luyện đầy đủ trong nhà thầy (gurukula); và những người đã chứng tỏ là bậc chân ngôn (satyavādī) qua vô số lần thử thách—những Bà-la-môn như thế, đầy đủ kỷ luật và học vấn, mang năng lực thánh hóa. Chỉ bằng sự hiện diện của mình, họ thanh tịnh hóa các Bà-la-môn khác ngồi trong tầm mắt họ.”

Word by Word

• अधीत्य: having studied
• अधीत्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: अधि-इ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• यथा: as, according to
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• न्यायम्: rule/propriety, due method
• न्यायम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: न्याय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• विधिवत्: according to injunction, duly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विधिवत्

• तस्य: of him/that
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• कारिणः: doers, practitioners (those who act accordingly)
• कारिणः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कारिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• उपपन्नः: qualified, endowed, established
• उपपन्नः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपपन्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle) from उप-√पद्/√पद् (to go/attain) in sense 'endowed/qualified/established'

• गुरुकुले: in the teacher's household (gurukula)
• गुरुकुले: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरुकुल
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• सत्यवादी: truth-speaking
• सत्यवादी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्यवादिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सहस्रशः: a thousandfold; in thousands; repeatedly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहस्रशस्

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Learning is not sufficient by itself: one must study correctly (yathā-nyāyam), follow scriptural procedure (vidhivat), and embody the teaching in conduct (tasya kāriṇaḥ). Truthfulness (satyavāda) and disciplined training in the gurukula are presented as marks of genuine spiritual and social authority, capable of purifying others.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma. Here he praises a class of well-trained, truthful, properly practicing Brahmins and describes their sanctifying influence, emphasizing the ethical power of lived discipline and verified integrity.