Shloka 11

Śrāddha-dvija-parīkṣā: Paṅkti-dūṣa and Paṅkti-pāvana (श्राद्धे द्विजपरीक्षा—पङ्क्तिदूष-पङ्क्तिपावन)

Devanagari script

पज्चम्यां बहव: पुत्रा जायन्ते कुर्वतां नृप । कुर्वाणास्तु नरा: षष्ठ्यां भवन्ति द्युतिभागिन:

Transliteration

pañcamyāṃ bahavaḥ putrā jāyante kurvatāṃ nṛpa | kurvāṇās tu narāḥ ṣaṣṭhyāṃ bhavanti dyutibhāginaḥ ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: “Tâu Đại vương, ai cử hành lễ śrāddha vào ngày mồng năm theo lịch trăng sẽ được phúc lành có nhiều con trai. Ai cử hành śrāddha vào ngày mồng sáu sẽ được dự phần vào ánh quang và vẻ huy hoàng.”

Word by Word

• पञ्चम्याम्: on the fifth (tithi/day)
• पञ्चम्याम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्चमी
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• बहवः: many
• बहवः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पुत्राः: sons
• पुत्राः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• जायन्ते: are born / arise
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन्
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Atmanepada

• कुर्वताम्: of those who perform (it)
• कुर्वताम्: Sampradana
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• नृप: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• कुर्वाणाः: performing (it)
• कुर्वाणाः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Present middle participle (शानच्), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तु: but / indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• नराः: men
• नराः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• षष्ठ्याम्: on the sixth (tithi/day)
• षष्ठ्याम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: षष्ठी
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• भवन्ति: become / are
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• द्युतिभागिनः: sharers/possessors of radiance (splendour)
• द्युतिभागिनः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्युतिभागिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• नरेश्वर: O lord of men (king)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरेश्वर
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• nṛpa (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira as addressee)
• śrāddha (ancestral rite)
• pañcamī (fifth tithi)
• ṣaṣṭhī (sixth tithi)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that the timing of śrāddha (ancestral offerings) is ethically and ritually significant: performing it on specific lunar days is said to yield particular fruits—on pañcamī, abundance of sons; on ṣaṣṭhī, attainment of radiance and splendor—thereby encouraging faithful performance of pitṛ-dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs the king on dharma, including rites for ancestors. Here he lists the results (phala) associated with performing śrāddha on different tithis, addressing the king directly as part of a broader teaching on ritual duty and its outcomes.