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Shloka 27

Adhyāya 9: Pratiśruta-Dāna

The Duty to Fulfill Promised Gifts

इतो दत्तेन जीवन्ति देवता: पितरस्तथा । तस्माद्‌ दानानि देयानि ब्राह्मणेभ्यो विजानता,इस लोकमें ब्राह्मणको दान देनेसे देवता और पितर तृप्त होते हैं; इसलिये विद्वान्‌ पुरुष ब्राह्मणको अवश्य दान दे

ito dattena jīvanti devatāḥ pitaras tathā | tasmād dānāni deyāni brāhmaṇebhyo vijānatā ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Nhờ những gì được ban tặng ở đời này mà chư thiên và cả tổ tiên (pitṛ) được nuôi dưỡng và thỏa mãn. Vì thế, người sáng suốt phải nhất định bố thí—đặc biệt là cho các Brāhmaṇa—biết rằng đó là sự nâng đỡ chính đáng cho trật tự vũ trụ và dòng mạch tổ tiên.”

इतःfrom here/from this (act/source)
इतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइतः (अव्यय)
दत्तेनby/with what is given; by a gift
दत्तेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदत्त (√दा)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
जीवन्तिlive; subsist
जीवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√जीव्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
देवताःthe deities
देवताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पितरःthe ancestors (manes)
पितरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाalso; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
तस्मात्therefore; from that reason
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्
दानानिgifts; acts of giving
दानानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
देयानिto be given; should be given
देयानि:
TypeAdjective
Rootदेय (√दा)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
ब्राह्मणेभ्यःto the Brahmins
ब्राह्मणेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
विजानताby one who knows; by the wise
विजानता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootविजानत् (वि + √ज्ञा)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
D
Devas
P
Pitaras (ancestors)
B
Brahmanas

Educational Q&A

Giving (dāna) is presented as a dharmic obligation: offerings made in this world sustain and gratify both the gods and the ancestors; hence the wise should give, particularly to Brāhmaṇas as worthy recipients.

In the Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on righteous conduct. Here he emphasizes the religious-ethical rationale for charity: gifts uphold reciprocal bonds with devas and pitṛs and thus should be practiced by the discerning.