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Shloka 18

Adhyāya 9: Pratiśruta-Dāna

The Duty to Fulfill Promised Gifts

न हर्तव्यं विप्रधन क्षन्तव्यं तेषु नित्यश: । बालाश्व नावमन्तव्या दरिद्रा: कृपणा अपि

na hartavyaṃ vipradhanaṃ kṣantavyaṃ teṣu nityaśaḥ | bālāś ca nāvamantavyā daridrāḥ kṛpaṇā api ||

Bhishma dạy rằng: tuyệt đối chớ trộm của cải của Bà-la-môn. Dẫu các Bà-la-môn có lỗi lầm, vẫn phải luôn giữ lòng khoan thứ đối với họ. Dẫu họ chỉ là trẻ nhỏ, nghèo túng hay đáng thương, cũng không được khinh mạn—kính trọng và tự chế là bổn phận của dharma.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हर्तव्यम्should not be taken/stolen
हर्तव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootहृ (धातु)
Formतव्यत्, Neuter, Nominative, Singular, obligation/necessity (gerundive)
विप्रधनम्a Brahmin's wealth
विप्रधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र-धन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
क्षन्तव्यम्should be forgiven/endured
क्षन्तव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootक्षम (धातु)
Formतव्यत्, Neuter, Nominative, Singular, obligation/necessity (gerundive)
तेषुtowards/in the case of them (those Brahmins)
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
नित्यशःalways
नित्यशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्यशः
बालाःchildren/young ones
बालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अश्वाःhorses
अश्वाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवमन्तव्याःshould not be despised/insulted
अवमन्तव्याः:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-मन् (धातु)
Formतव्यत्, Masculine, Nominative, Plural, obligation/necessity (gerundive)
दरिद्राःpoor
दरिद्राः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदरिद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कृपणाःwretched/miserable
कृपणाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृपण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
V
vipra (brāhmaṇa)

Educational Q&A

Do not appropriate a brāhmaṇa’s property; maintain forgiveness toward brāhmaṇas even when they err; never despise them even if they are young, poor, or pitiable—dharma requires restraint, reverence, and forbearance.

In the Anuśāsana-parvan’s instruction section, Bhīṣma is delivering ethical guidance on righteous conduct, emphasizing social and moral duties toward brāhmaṇas, including non-stealing, patience, and avoidance of contempt.