Shloka 132

Pitṛ-śrāddha-haviḥ-phala-nirdeśa

Offerings for Ancestors and Their Stated Results

Devanagari script

ब्रह्मणस्तु कवे: पुत्रा वारुणास्तेडप्युदाह्मता: । अष्टौ प्रसवजैर्युक्ता गुणैब्रह्मविद: शुभा:

Transliteration

brahmaṇas tu kaveḥ putrā vāruṇās te 'py udāhṛtāḥ | aṣṭau prasavajair yukta guṇair brahmavidaḥ śubhāḥ ||

Translation

Vasiṣṭha nói: “Các con trai của Kavi—mà Kavi là con của Brahmā—cũng được gọi bằng danh xưng ‘Vāruṇa’. Họ có tám vị, đầy đủ những đức tính tự nhiên xứng đáng của bậc chân sinh; được xem là cát tường về phẩm hạnh và là những người biết Brahman.”

Word by Word

• ब्रह्मणः: of Brahman / of the Absolute
• ब्रह्मणः: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• तु: but / indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• कवेः: of the sage/poet
• कवेः: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कवि
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• पुत्राः: sons
• पुत्राः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• वारुणाः: called/related to Varuṇa; Varuṇas
• वारुणाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वारुण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अपि: also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• उदाहृताः: are said/are called
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद्-आ-हृ (धातु: हृ)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Passive (participial)

• अष्टौ: eight
• अष्टौ: Karta
• Type: Numeral
• Root: अष्टन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• प्रसवजैः: by/with innate (birth-produced) [qualities]
• प्रसवजैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रसवज
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• युक्ताः: endowed/possessed
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युज्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• गुणैः: with qualities
• गुणैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• ब्रह्मविदः: knowers of Brahman
• ब्रह्मविदः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मविद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• शुभाः: auspicious / excellent
• शुभाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

वसिष्ठ उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vasiṣṭha
• Brahmā
• Kavi
• Vāruṇas
• Varuṇa

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse links noble lineage with inner qualification: true worth is shown through innate virtues (guṇas) and Brahman-knowledge (brahmavidyā), marking a person as ‘auspicious’ and ethically exemplary.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vasiṣṭha is describing a genealogical-spiritual line: Kavi, a descendant of Brahmā, has eight sons who are collectively designated ‘Vāruṇas’, and they are characterized as virtuous and realized in Brahman.