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Shloka 19

Go-dāna-stuti and Ghṛta-Japa

Praise of cow-gift and ghee-centered recitation

गा वै दत्त्वा गोव्रती स्यात्‌ त्रिरात्रं निशां चैकां संवसेतेह ताभि: । कामाष्ट म्यां वर्तितव्यं त्रिरात्रं रसैर्वा गो: शकृता प्रस्नवैर्वा

gā vai dattvā govratī syāt trirātraṃ niśāṃ caikāṃ saṃvaset iha tābhiḥ | kāmāṣṭamyāṃ vartitavyaṃ trirātraṃ rasair vā goḥ śakṛtā prasnavair vā ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Sau khi bố thí một con bò, người ta nên thọ ‘ngưu giới’ trong ba đêm; và tại đây cũng nên ở một đêm cùng đàn bò. Bắt đầu từ ngày Kāma-aṣṭamī, trong ba đêm chỉ nên sống bằng các sản vật của bò—sữa (tinh dịch), phân bò hoặc nước tiểu bò—như một sự tiết chế nghiêm cẩn và thanh tịnh gắn liền với việc bố thí ấy.”

गाःcows
गाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
दत्त्वाhaving given
दत्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
गोव्रतीone observing the cow-vow
गोव्रती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगोव्रतिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्रिरात्रम्for three nights
त्रिरात्रम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिरात्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निशाम्a night
निशाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिशा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एकाम्one (single)
एकाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
संवसेतshould dwell/live together
संवसेत:
TypeVerb
Rootवस् (निवासे) + सम्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
ताभिःwith those (cows)
ताभिः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
कामाष्टम्याम्on (the day of) Kāma-aṣṭamī
कामाष्टम्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकामाष्टमी
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
वर्तितव्यम्is to be observed / must be followed
वर्तितव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
Formतव्यत् (gerundive/obligatory), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
त्रिरात्रम्for three nights
त्रिरात्रम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिरात्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रसैःwith juices/liquids (as food)
रसैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरस
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
गोःof a cow
गोः:
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
शकृताwith dung
शकृता:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशकृत्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रस्नवैःwith (cow-)urine (lit. prasnava)
प्रस्नवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रस्नव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
C
cow (go)
G
Govrata (cow-vow)
K
Kāmāṣṭamī

Educational Q&A

The verse links charity (giving a cow) with disciplined follow-through: the donor should undertake a short vow marked by restraint, purity, and proximity to the gifted/holy object (living with cows), showing that ethical giving is completed by self-control and reverent conduct.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma and gifts, he prescribes the procedure after cow-gift: observe a three-night govrata, spend one night among cows, and from Kāma-aṣṭamī maintain a restricted diet consisting only of cow-derived substances.