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Shloka 15

Gopradāna-phalasaṃprāpti: Nāciketa’s Vision of Vaivasvata’s Realms (गोप्रदानफलसम्प्राप्तिः — नाचिकेतोपाख्यानम्)

अन्नमेव मनुष्याणां प्राणानाहुर्मनीषिण: । तच्च सर्व नरव्यात्र पानीयात्‌ सम्प्रवर्तते

annam eva manuṣyāṇāṃ prāṇān āhur manīṣiṇaḥ | tac ca sarvaṃ naravyātra pānīyāt sampravartate ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Các bậc hiền triết tuyên rằng chính lương thực là hơi thở sinh mệnh của loài người. Và toàn bộ sự nuôi sống ấy—tất cả nguồn dưỡng nuôi của nhân gian—rốt cuộc đều khởi từ nước.”

अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
मनुष्याणाम्of men/of human beings
मनुष्याणाम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्राणान्vital breaths/lives
प्राणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आहुःthey say/call
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural
मनीषिणःthe wise
मनीषिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनीषिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तत्that (i.e., food)
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सर्वम्all/entire
सर्वम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नरव्यात्रम्human sustenance/maintenance of men
नरव्यात्रम्:
TypeNoun
Rootनरव्यात्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पानीयात्from water/drink
पानीयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपानीय
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
सम्प्रवर्ततेarises/proceeds/comes into operation
सम्प्रवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रवृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
manīṣiṇaḥ (the wise/sages)
A
anna (food)
P
prāṇa (life-breath)
P
pānīya (water)

Educational Q&A

Food is identified as the very basis of human life, and water is presented as the underlying source that enables food and thus sustains society; therefore, ensuring access to water and food is a central ethical duty.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma (Anuśāsana Parva), he emphasizes foundational supports of life—food and water—framing them as primary objects of care, governance, and charity.