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Shloka 39

दानफलप्रकरणम् — उपानहदानं, तिलदानं, भूमिदानं, गोदानं, अन्नदानं च

Gifts and Their Stated Results: Footwear, Sesame, Land, Cows, and Food

अभिषिच्यैव नृपतिं श्राववेदिममागमम्‌ । यथा श्रुत्वा महीं दद्यान्नादद्यात्‌ साधुतश्न॒ ताम्‌

abhiṣicyaiva nṛpatiṁ śrāvayed imam āgamam | yathā śrutvā mahīṁ dadyān nādad yāt sādhutaś ca tām ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Ngay sau khi làm lễ quán đảnh và đặt nhà vua lên ngai vàng, phải cho đọc ngay lời răn truyền thống này—bài gāthā do Đất cất lên—để nhà vua, sau khi nghe, sẽ ban đất đúng đạo và không vì hành vi bất chính mà tước lại phần đất đã ban cho những bậc hiền thiện.”

अभिषिच्यhaving consecrated/anointed
अभिषिच्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√सिच्
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund), कर्तरि
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
नृपतिम्the king
नृपतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनृपति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
श्रावयेत्should cause to hear / should recite to
श्रावयेत्:
TypeVerb
Root√श्रु (caus. श्रावय)
Formविधिलिङ्, Optative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इमाम्this
इमाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गाथाम्song/verse (gāthā)
गाथाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगाथा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वेदिम्altar/raised platform
वेदिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेदी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आगमम्coming/approach; tradition (āgama)
आगमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआगम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यथाso that/as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√श्रु
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund), कर्तरि
महीम्the earth/land
महीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दद्यात्should give
दद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Root√दा
Formविधिलिङ्, Optative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आदद्यात्should take away/seize
आदद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√दा
Formविधिलिङ्, Optative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
साधुतःrightly/from good men (in a proper way)
साधुतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाधु
Formतसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय
ताम्that (land)
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
N
nṛpati (the king)
R
rāja-siṁhāsana (royal throne)
M
mahī (land/earth)
S
sādhavaḥ (virtuous people, implied recipients)

Educational Q&A

A king must be trained at the very moment of enthronement to respect dharma regarding property: grant land righteously and never confiscate land once given to virtuous recipients; stability of gifts and protection of the good are essential to righteous rule.

Bhīṣma, instructing on royal duty in the Anuśāsana Parva, prescribes a coronation practice: after anointing the king, an authoritative traditional teaching should be recited to him to restrain greed and prevent unjust seizure of lands previously granted.