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Shloka 236

Brāhmaṇa-mahattva and Atithi-Dharma

Brahmagītā: Praise of Brāhmaṇas and norms of honor

उत्कृत्योत्कृत्य मांसानि तुलया समतोलयत्‌ । राजाने कहा--'बाज! तुमने ऐसी बात कहकर मुझपर बड़ा अनुग्रह किया। बहुत अच्छा

utkṛtyotkṛtya māṃsāni tulayā samatolayat |

Cắt thịt từng mảnh, hết lần này đến lần khác, nhà vua cân cho thật ngang bằng trên cán cân. Vua Uśīnara nói: “Hỡi chim ưng! Ngươi nói như vậy là đã ban cho ta một ân huệ lớn. Tốt lắm, ta sẽ làm đúng như thế.” Nói rồi, bậc vương thượng ấy bắt đầu xẻ chính thịt mình và đặt lên đĩa cân.

उत्कृत्यhaving cut out
उत्कृत्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-√कृत् (कृन्तति)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
उत्कृत्यagain having cut out
उत्कृत्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-√कृत् (कृन्तति)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
मांसानिpieces of flesh
मांसानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमांस
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
तुलयाwith a balance/scale
तुलया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतुला
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
समतोलयत्he weighed evenly / balanced
समतोलयत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-√तुल् (तोलयति)
Formलङ् (imperfect), परस्मैपद, 3rd, Singular

श्येन उवाच

श्येन (Śyena, the hawk)
उशीनर (Uśīnara, the king)
तुला (tulā, balance/scale)
मांस (māṃsa, flesh)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is tested when duties conflict: the king’s vow to protect one who seeks refuge is upheld even at the cost of his own body. The episode teaches that ethical integrity and the protection of the vulnerable may demand personal sacrifice, especially from a ruler.

The hawk insists on its rightful food and demands compensation equal to the dove’s weight. The king, having granted refuge to the dove, begins cutting his own flesh and weighing it on a balance to match the required weight, choosing suffering for himself rather than betraying his promise of protection.