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Shloka 39

ब्राह्मणपूजा-राजधर्मः | Royal Duty of Honoring Learned Brahmins

पिताकी आज्ञा पाकर वह शत्रुनगरीपर विजय पानेवाला पराक्रमी वीर शीघ्र ही रथसहित गंगापार करके वीतहतव्यपुत्रोंकी राजधानीकी ओर चल दिया ।।

vaitahavyās tu saṃśrutya rathaghoṣaṃ samuddhatam | niryayur nagarākārair rathaiḥ pararathārujaiḥ ||

Bhishma nói: Nghe tiếng gầm vang như sấm của chiến xa chàng, các vương tử Vaitahavya—những chiến binh như sư tử, tinh thông lối giao chiến kỳ dị—mặc giáp đầy đủ, ngồi trên những cỗ chiến xa khổng lồ như thành quách, có sức nghiền nát xe địch, liền từ thành kéo ra. Họ giương cung, tiến thẳng đến Pratardana và trút xuống chàng mưa tên dày đặc.

वैतहव्याःthe Vaitahavyas (Haihayas)
वैतहव्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैतहव्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
संश्रुत्यhaving heard
संश्रुत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), prior action
रथघोषम्the chariot-roar/sound
रथघोषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथघोष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समुद्धतम्raised, loud, tumultuous
समुद्धतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसमुद्धत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निर्ययुःwent out, sallied forth
निर्ययुः:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-या
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
नगराकारैःwith city-shaped (huge) [chariots]
नगराकारैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनगराकार
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
रथैःwith chariots
रथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पररथारुजैःwith (chariots) that break enemy chariots
पररथारुजैः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर-रथ-आरुज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
V
Vaitahavyas (princes/warriors)
P
Pratardana
C
chariots (ratha)
B
bows (implied by धनुष)
A
arrows (implied by बाण)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how swiftly martial duty and royal purpose can turn into open battle: once a warrior advances with resolve, equally duty-bound opponents respond. It frames war as a domain where valor, preparedness, and the obligations of kshatriyas drive immediate confrontation.

As Pratardana approaches, the Vaitahavya princes hear the loud roar of his chariot and ride out from their city in enormous, fortress-like chariots designed to smash enemy vehicles. They raise their bows and attack him with a rain of arrows.