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Shloka 143

Pūjya-namaskārya-prakaraṇa

On Those Worthy of Honor and Salutation

सुदुर्लभं सदावाप्य नानुतिष्ठन्ति मानवा: । शतक्रतो! यदि क्षत्रिय आदि तीन वर्णोके लिये ब्राह्मणत्व दुर्लभ है तो उस परम दुर्लभ ब्राह्मणत्वको पाकर भी मनुष्य ब्राह्मणोचित शम-दमका अनुष्ठान नहीं करते हैं। यह कितने दुःखकी बात है!

sudurlabhaṃ sadāvāpya nānutiṣṭhanti mānavāḥ | śatakrato! yadi kṣatriya ādi trīṇāṃ varṇānāṃ brāhmaṇatvaṃ durlabhaṃ, tato ’pi taṃ paramadurlabhaṃ brāhmaṇatvaṃ prāpya manuṣyā brāhmaṇocita-śama-damānuṣṭhānaṃ na kurvanti—kīdṛśaṃ duḥkhasya viṣayam iti |

Matanga nói: “Dẫu đạt được điều cực kỳ hiếm có, con người vẫn thường không sống cho xứng với nó. Ôi Śatakratu (Indra)! Nếu địa vị Bà-la-môn khó đạt đối với ba đẳng cấp còn lại, bắt đầu từ Kṣatriya, thì thật đau xót biết bao khi con người, dù đã có được địa vị tối hiếm ấy, vẫn không thực hành những kỷ luật đúng mực của Bà-la-môn—sự an tĩnh và tự chế.”

सुदुर्लभम्very difficult to obtain
सुदुर्लभम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदुर्लभ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
अवाप्यhaving obtained
अवाप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअवाप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अनुतिष्ठन्तिthey practice / they undertake
अनुतिष्ठन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-स्था
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
मानवाःmen / human beings
मानवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमानव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

मतंग उवाच

M
Matanga
I
Indra (Śatakratu)
K
Kṣatriya
B
Brāhmaṇa
V
Varṇa (social orders)
Ś
Śama
D
Dama

Educational Q&A

Rare privileges or statuses are meaningful only when matched by corresponding conduct; Brahminhood, in particular, is validated by practicing śama (inner tranquility) and dama (sense-restraint), not merely by attainment or label.

Matanga addresses Indra (Śatakratu), lamenting that even after attaining the highly difficult ideal of Brahminhood—especially rare for those of other varṇas—people often neglect the disciplines that define it, making it a cause for sorrow.