Shloka 10

Pūjya-namaskārya-prakaraṇa

On Those Worthy of Honor and Salutation

Devanagari script

ब्राह्मणेभ्योडनुतृप्यन्ते पितरो देवतास्तथा । ब्राह्मण: सर्वभूतानां मतंग पर उच्यते

Transliteration

brāhmaṇebhyo 'nutṛpyante pitaro devatās tathā | brāhmaṇaḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ mataṅga para ucyate, mataṅga ||

Translation

Śakra nói: “Khi các Bà-la-môn được làm cho thỏa mãn đúng phép, các Pitṛ (tổ tiên) và chư thiên cũng được thỏa mãn. Hỡi Mataṅga, Bà-la-môn được tuyên xưng là bậc tối thượng trong muôn loài.”

Word by Word

• ब्राह्मणेभ्यः: to/for the Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणेभ्यः: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Plural

• उदनु: thereupon/then (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उदनु

• तृप्यन्ते: are satisfied
• Type: Verb
• Root: तृप्
• Form: Present, Atmanepada, Third, Plural

• पितरः: the ancestors (Pitṛs)
• पितरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• देवताः: the deities
• देवताः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवता
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• तथा: likewise/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• ब्राह्मणः: the Brahmin
• ब्राह्मणः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सर्वभूतानाम्: of all beings
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वभूत
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• मतङ्ग: O Matanga (address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मतङ्ग
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• परः: supreme/excellent
• परः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उच्यते: is said/called
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Present, Passive, Third, Singular

Speaker

शक्र उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śakra (Indra)
• Mataṅga
• Brāhmaṇas
• Pitṛs (ancestors)
• Devatās (gods)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that honoring and properly satisfying Brāhmaṇas—especially through respectful giving and hospitality—has a wider sacred efficacy: it is held to please both the gods and the ancestors, and it affirms the Brāhmaṇa’s preeminence in the dharmic order.

What is happening in the narrative?

Śakra (Indra) addresses Mataṅga and states a dharma-principle: the contentment of Brāhmaṇas is linked to the satisfaction of devatās and pitṛs, reinforcing the importance of supporting learned and ritually authoritative persons within the moral-religious framework of the Anuśāsana teachings.