Shloka 28

तीर्थवंशोपदेशः

Tīrtha-vaṃśa Upadeśa: Instruction on the Fruits of Sacred Waters

Devanagari script

उदितास्तमितो यश्व तथैवास्तमितोदित: । अहिंस्नश्वाल्पदोषश्न स राजन्‌ केतनक्षम:

Transliteration

uditāstamito yaśva tathaivāstamitoditaḥ | ahiṁsnaś cālpadoṣaś ca sa rājan ketanakṣamaḥ ||

Translation

Bhishma nói: Tâu Đại vương, một Bà-la-môn có lúc thăng lúc trầm trong địa vị thế gian—khi được tôn cao, khi bị hạ thấp rồi lại được nâng lên—nhưng không làm hại các loài hữu tình, thì dẫu còn chút lỗi nhỏ vẫn xứng đáng được thỉnh mời dự lễ śrāddha.

Word by Word

• उदित: risen, elevated
• उदित: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उदित (उद् + इ + क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अस्तमितः: set, fallen, declined
• अस्तमितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अस्तमित (अस्तम् + इ + क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: thus, likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• एव: indeed, just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• अस्तमित: set, fallen
• अस्तमित: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अस्तमित (अस्तम् + इ + क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उदितः: risen, elevated
• उदितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उदित (उद् + इ + क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अहिंसन्: non-violent; not harming
• अहिंसन्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अहिंसन् (नञ् + हिंसन्)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अल्पदोषः: having little fault
• अल्पदोषः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अल्पदोष
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• केतन्: invitation, summons (to śrāddha)
• केतन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: केतन्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• क्षमः: fit, suitable, worthy
• क्षमः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Yudhiṣṭhira (addressed as rājan)
• Brāhmaṇa
• Śrāddha (rite)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Non-violence and fundamental moral character outweigh fluctuating social status and minor personal faults when judging a person’s ritual worthiness—especially for being invited to śrāddha.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Bhīṣma’s instruction to King Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and proper conduct, he explains criteria for inviting a Brahmin to śrāddha, emphasizing ahiṁsā and basic integrity over external rise-and-fall in fortune.