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Shloka 10

अहिंसयित्वा ब्रह्महत्याविधानम् / Brahmahatyā incurred without physical violence

तत्रेमं शृणु मे पार्थ चतुर्णा तेजसां मतम्‌ | पृथिव्या: काश्यपस्याग्नेर्मार्कण्डेयस्य चैव हि,कुन्तीनन्दन! इस विषयमें तुम मुझसे पृथ्वी, काश्यप, अग्नि और मार्कण्डेय--इन चार तेजस्वी व्यक्तियोंका मत सुनो

tatremaṁ śṛṇu me pārtha caturṇāṁ tejasāṁ matam | pṛthivyāḥ kāśyapasyāgner mārkaṇḍeyasya caiva hi ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Nay, hỡi Pārtha, hãy nghe ta: ta sẽ thuật lại nhận định đã được cân nhắc của bốn bậc uy danh—chính Nữ Thần Đất, Kaśyapa, Agni và hiền giả Mārkaṇḍeya. Lời chứng của họ sẽ làm sáng tỏ việc này, dựa trên dharma và kinh nghiệm sống.”

तत्रthere/therein
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शृणुhear/listen
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormLot, Imperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेof me / my
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
पार्थO Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
चतुर्णाम्of four
चतुर्णाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormGenitive, Plural
तेजसाम्of the radiant/illustrious ones
तेजसाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
मतम्opinion/view
मतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पृथिव्याःof the Earth
पृथिव्याः:
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
काश्यपस्यof Kashyapa
काश्यपस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootकाश्यप
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अग्नेःof Agni (Fire)
अग्नेः:
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मार्कण्डेयस्यof Markandeya
मार्कण्डेयस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootमार्कण्डेय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हिfor/indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
P
Pṛthivī (Earth)
K
Kaśyapa
A
Agni
M
Mārkaṇḍeya

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma frames the forthcoming instruction as grounded in multiple authoritative witnesses—cosmic (Earth), ancestral-sage (Kaśyapa), divine (Agni), and ascetic-seer (Mārkaṇḍeya)—implying that dharma is best understood through converging, time-tested perspectives rather than a single opinion.

In the Anuśāsana discourse, Bhīṣma continues instructing Arjuna and signals a transition: he will now recount what four eminent beings have said on the topic under discussion, preparing the listener for a cited tradition of teachings.