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Shloka 80

Chapter 2: Sudarśana Upākhyāna — Atithi-Dharma and the Conquest of Mṛtyu

Gṛhastha-Vrata

विजिततश्न त्वया मृत्युर्यो5यं त्वामनुगच्छति । रन्ध्रान्वेषी तव सदा त्वया धृत्या वशी कृत:

vijita-tṛṣṇā tvayā mṛtyur yo ’yaṁ tvām anugacchati | randhrānveṣī tava sadā tvayā dhṛtyā vaśī kṛtaḥ ||

Bhishma nói: “Ngươi đã chiến thắng Tử thần—kẻ vẫn theo sát sau lưng ngươi, luôn rình rập tìm một sơ hở, luôn dò kiếm một kẽ hở để lọt vào. Nhờ sức nhẫn nại kiên định và tự chế, ngươi đã khiến chính Tử thần phải khuất phục dưới quyền ngươi.”

विजितःconquered
विजितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविजित (√जि)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असिyou are
असि:
TypeVerb
Root√अस्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
मृत्युःdeath
मृत्युः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho/which
यः:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अयम्this
अयम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वाम्you (object)
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
अनुगच्छतिfollows
अनुगच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√गम्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
रन्ध्रopenings, weak points
रन्ध्र:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरन्ध्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अन्वेषीseeking, searching for
अन्वेषी:
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्वेषिन् (√इष्/√एष् with anu-; agent noun)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तवof you, your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
धृत्याby steadfastness, by patience
धृत्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधृति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
वशीsubdued, brought under control
वशी:
TypeAdjective
Rootवशिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृतःmade (into)
कृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृत (√कृ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (PPP)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
Mṛtyu (Death, personified)

Educational Q&A

Freedom from craving (tṛṣṇā) and unwavering endurance (dhṛti) remove the ‘openings’ through which fear and mortality dominate the mind; thus even Death is portrayed as being subdued by inner mastery.

Bhishma praises the addressed person’s spiritual and moral strength, describing Death as a constant pursuer looking for vulnerabilities, and declares that through steadfast resolve the person has effectively ‘conquered’ Death.