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Shloka 44

Chapter 2: Sudarśana Upākhyāna — Atithi-Dharma and the Conquest of Mṛtyu

Gṛhastha-Vrata

एतद्‌ व्रतं मम सदा हृदि सम्परिवर्तते । गृहस्थानां च सुश्रोणि नातिथेर्विद्यते परम्‌

etad vrataṁ mama sadā hṛdi samparivartate | gṛhasthānāṁ ca suśroṇi nātither vidyate param ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Lời thệ nguyện này của ta luôn xoay vần trong tim: hỡi người thiếu phụ thắt lưng thon đẹp, đối với bậc gia chủ (gṛhastha), không có bổn phận nào cao hơn việc tôn kính và phụng sự vị khách (atithi).”

एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
व्रतम्vow, observance
व्रतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ममof me, my
मम:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
सदाalways
सदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
Formtrue
हृदिin (the) heart
हृदि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहृद्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सम्परिवर्ततेkeeps revolving/recurs; remains active
सम्परिवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-परि-वृत्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, 3, Singular
गृहस्थानाम्of householders
गृहस्थानाम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootगृहस्थ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formtrue
सुश्रोणिO fair-hipped lady
सुश्रोणि:
TypeNoun
Rootसुश्रोणि
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formtrue
अतिथेःof a guest
अतिथेः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
विद्यतेexists, is found
विद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, 3, Singular
परम्higher, superior
परम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
S
suśroṇī (addressed woman)
A
atithi (guest)
G
gṛhastha (householder)

Educational Q&A

For a householder, the foremost ethical and religious obligation is atithi-sevā—welcoming, honoring, and caring for a guest. Bhīṣma presents this as a personal vow that continually guides his conduct.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhīṣma is speaking and addresses a woman respectfully as “suśroṇī,” emphasizing that the duty of hospitality is central to the householder’s way of life.