Shloka 42

Devanagari script

ऋषिर्दीर्घतमाश्चैव गौतम: काश्यपस्तथा । एकत्र द्वितश्वैव त्रितश्वैव महानृषि:

Transliteration

ṛṣir dīrghatamāś caiva gautamaḥ kāśyapas tathā | ekatra dvitāśvaiva tritāśvaiva mahānṛṣiḥ ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: “Các bậc hiền triết Dīrghatamas, Gautama và Kāśyapa được nhắc đến; và cũng vậy, các đại ẩn sĩ Ekatra, Dvitāśva và Tritāśva.”

Word by Word

• ऋषिः: sage
• ऋषिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दीर्घतमाः: Dīrghatamas (a sage)
• दीर्घतमाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दीर्घतमस्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• गौतमः: Gautama (a sage)
• गौतमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गौतम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• काश्यपः: Kaśyapa (a sage)
• काश्यपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: काश्यप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: likewise/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• एकत्र: in one place/together
• एकत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एकत्र

• द्वितः: in two ways/secondly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: द्वितस्

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• त्रितः: in three ways/thirdly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: त्रितस्

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• महान्: great
• महान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ऋषिः: sage
• ऋषिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Dīrghatamas
• Gautama
• Kaśyapa
• Ekatra
• Dvitāśva
• Tritāśva

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the authority of dharma as preserved and transmitted through revered ṛṣis; by naming eminent seers, Bhīṣma anchors the discussion in recognized traditional lineages and exemplars.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma is enumerating notable sages—Dīrghatamas, Gautama, Kaśyapa, and others—within his discourse, likely to cite traditional authorities or to situate a teaching within an established sacred genealogy.