Shloka 19

Devanagari script

च्यवन उवाच पिबेतामश्चिनौ सोमं॑ भवद्धिः सहिताविमौ । उभावेतावपि सुरौ सूर्यपुत्रौ सुरेश्वर

Transliteration

Cyavana uvāca: pibetām aśvinau somaṁ bhavadbhiḥ sahitāv imau | ubhāv etāv api surau sūrya-putrau sureśvara ||

Translation

Cyavana nói: “Hãy để hai vị Aśvin uống Soma cùng các ngài. Hai vị ấy quả thật cũng là thần linh—là con của Sūrya. Vì vậy, hỡi Chúa tể chư thiên, họ hoàn toàn xứng đáng được dự phần Soma cùng các thần khác.”

Word by Word

• च्यवनः: Chyavana (the sage)
• च्यवनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: च्यवन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पिबेताम्: let the two drink / may the two drink
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (पिब)
• Form: Optative, 3rd, Dual, Parasmaipada

• अश्विनौ: the two Aśvins
• अश्विनौ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्विन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• सोमम्: Soma (nectar)
• सोमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• भवद्भिः: by/with you (all)
• भवद्भिः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: भवत्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• सहितौ: together, accompanied
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सहित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• इमौ: these two
• इमौ: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• उभौ: both
• उभौ: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: उभ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• एतौ: these two
• एतौ: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• अपि: also, indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• सुरौ: two gods
• सुरौ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• सूर्यपुत्रौ: two sons of the Sun
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्यपुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• सुरेश्वर: O lord of the gods
• सुरेश्वर: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुरेश्वर
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

च्यवन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• च्यवन (Cyavana)
• अश्विनौ / अश्विनीकुमारौ (the Aśvin twins)
• सोम (Soma)
• सूर्य (Sūrya)
• सुरेश्वर (Lord of the gods—Indra, implied)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Ritual privilege should follow true status and merit: Cyavana argues that the Aśvins are genuine devas (being sons of Sūrya) and therefore deserve equal participation in Soma, challenging exclusion based on prejudice or hierarchy.

What is happening in the narrative?

Cyavana addresses the Lord of the gods (Indra) and insists that the Aśvin twins be allowed to drink Soma along with the other gods, asserting their divine identity and rightful eligibility for the sacrificial share.