Shloka 2

Devanagari script

भीष्म उवाच ब्राह्मणानां परिभव सादयेदपि देवता: । ब्राह्मणांस्तु नमस्कृत्य युधिष्ठिर न रिष्यते

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca | brāhmaṇānāṁ paribhavaḥ sādayed api devatāḥ | brāhmaṇāṁs tu namaskṛtya yudhiṣṭhira na riṣyate |

Translation

Bhishma nói: “Hỡi Yudhishthira, sự sỉ nhục các Bà-la-môn có thể khiến ngay cả chư thiên cũng lâm vào khổ não và suy vong. Nhưng ai cúi lạy các Bà-la-môn và đối đãi với họ bằng lòng kính trọng và khiêm cung thì không bao giờ gặp tai hại.”

Word by Word

• भीष्मः: Bhishma
• भीष्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• ब्राह्मणानाम्: of Brahmins
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• परिभवः: insult, contempt
• परिभवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिभव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सादयेत्: may distress / may bring down
• Type: Verb
• Root: सद्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अपि: even, also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• देवताः: the deities
• देवताः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवता
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Plural

• ब्राह्मणान्: Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• तु: but, however
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• नमस्कृत्य: having saluted
• Type: Verb
• Root: नमस् + कृ
• Form: Absolutive (त्वा/ल्यप्), Active

• युधिष्ठिर: O Yudhishthira
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• रिष्यते: is harmed / perishes
• Type: Verb
• Root: रिष्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Yudhishthira
• Brahmins (Brāhmaṇas)
• Devas (Devatāḥ)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Bhishma teaches that contempt toward Brahmins is a grave adharma with far-reaching consequences—so serious that it can trouble even the gods—whereas respectful salutation and humble conduct toward them is presented as a safeguard from harm.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Anushasana Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma continues advising King Yudhishthira on righteous conduct. Here he emphasizes proper behavior toward Brahmins, warning against insulting them and recommending reverence and humility.