Shloka 4

Devanagari script

भीष्म उवाच जगत्प्रभुं देवदेवमनन्तं पुरुषोत्तमम्‌ । स्तुवन्‌ नामसहस्रेण पुरुष: सततोत्थित:

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca jagatprabhuṁ devadevam anantaṁ puruṣottamam | stuvan nāmasahasreṇa puruṣaḥ satatotthitaḥ |

Translation

Bhishma nói: Người nào luôn tỉnh thức và kiên định, ca ngợi Đấng Chúa tể của vũ trụ—Thần của các thần, Vô tận, Đấng Tối thượng (Purushottama)—bằng cách tụng niệm một nghìn danh hiệu của Ngài, sẽ vượt qua mọi sầu khổ.

Word by Word

• भीष्मः: Bhishma
• भीष्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• जगत्प्रभुम्: the lord of the world
• जगत्प्रभुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत्प्रभु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• देवदेवम्: the god of gods
• देवदेवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवदेव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अनन्तम्: endless, infinite
• अनन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनन्त
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पुरुषोत्तमम्: the Supreme Person
• पुरुषोत्तमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुषोत्तम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• स्तुवन्: praising
• स्तुवन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्तु
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नामसहस्रेण: with (by means of) the thousand names
• नामसहस्रेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामसहस्र
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• पुरुषः: a man, a person
• पुरुषः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सततम्: always, continually
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सतत

• उत्थितः: risen up; standing up; engaged
• उत्थितः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्-स्था
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Puruṣottama (Supreme Lord)
• Jagatprabhu (Lord of the world)
• Devadeva (God of gods)
• Ananta (the Infinite)
• Nāmasahasra (thousand names)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Steady, continual praise of the Supreme Lord—especially through the recitation of His thousand names—is presented as a disciplined devotional practice that enables a person to transcend sorrow and suffering.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma, instructing on dharma, introduces the efficacy of praising the Supreme Lord with the Sahasranāma. He emphasizes the Lord’s supreme status (Lord of the world, God of gods, Infinite, Supreme Person) and links sustained recitation to overcoming grief.