Shloka 28

धर्मनिन्दा–धर्मोपासनाफलम् तथा साध्वाचारलक्षणम्

Fruits of Disparaging vs. Observing Dharma; Marks of Good Conduct

Devanagari script

कुर्यादविमना: शूद्र: सततं सत्पथे स्थित: । देवद्विजातिसत्कर्ता सर्वातिथ्यकृतब्रत:

Transliteration

kuryād avimanāḥ śūdraḥ satataṁ satpathe sthitaḥ | devadvijātisatkartā sarvātithyakṛtavrataḥ ||

Translation

Maheshvara nói: “Hãy để một Śūdra hành động không oán hờn, luôn đứng vững trên con đường thiện—người tôn kính chư thần và hàng ‘nhị sinh’ (dvija), và đã thọ nguyện đón tiếp, phụng sự mọi vị khách.”

Word by Word

• कुर्यात्: should do / should perform
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (करणे)
• Form: Vidhi-linga, Optative, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अविमनाः: not dejected; cheerful
• अविमनाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अविमनस्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शूद्रः: a Shudra
• शूद्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूद्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सततम्: always; continually
• सततम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सतत

• सत्पथे: on the good path
• सत्पथे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्पथ
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• स्थितः: standing; abiding
• स्थितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्था (तिष्ठति) → स्थित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• देव: god(s)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: Masculine, Stem (in compound), —

• द्विजाति: twice-born class
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विजाति
• Form: Feminine, Stem (in compound), —

• सत्कर्ता: one who honors / respects
• सत्कर्ता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्कर्तृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, तृच् (agent noun)

• सर्व: all
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: —, Stem (in compound), —

• आतिथ्य: hospitality to guests
• Type: Noun
• Root: आतिथ्य
• Form: Neuter, Stem (in compound), —

• कृत: done; performed
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृ (करणे) → कृत
• Form: Neuter, Stem (in compound), —, क्त (past passive participle)

• व्रतः: vow; observance
• व्रतः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śrīmaheśvara
• deva (gods)
• dvijāti (twice-born)
• śūdra

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches steady righteous conduct: act without bitterness or ego, remain on the good path, honor the divine and worthy persons, and practice universal hospitality as a disciplined vow.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Anushasana Parva’s instruction-focused setting, Maheshvara is presented as giving normative guidance on proper conduct, here specifying virtues and observances for a Shudra—humility, adherence to righteousness, respect, and hospitality.