Shloka 24

Adhyāya 142: Cyavana, the Devas’ Arrogance, and Vāyu’s Counsel on Protecting Brāhmaṇas

Devanagari script

मदिराश्चश्व राजर्षिददत््वा कन्यां सुमध्यमाम्‌ | हिरण्यहस्ताय गतो लोकान्‌ देवैरधिष्ठितान्‌

Transliteration

madirāś caśva rājarṣir dattvā kanyāṁ sumadhyamām | hiraṇyahastāya gato lokān devair adhiṣṭhitān ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: Vị vương hiền Madirāśvā cũng đã gả một thiếu nữ eo thon cho Hiraṇyahasta; rồi ông ra đi đến những cõi giới do chư thiên cai quản—biểu thị kết cục có phúc nhờ sự ban tặng đúng pháp và sự kết minh hôn nhân hợp đạo.

Word by Word

• मदिराः: wines/intoxicating drinks
• मदिराः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मदिरा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अश्वान्: horses
• अश्वान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• राजर्षिः: the royal sage (king-sage)
• राजर्षिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजर्षि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दत्त्वा: having given
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (ददाति)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active

• कन्याम्: a maiden/daughter
• कन्याम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कन्या
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• सुमध्यमाम्: slender-waisted (one)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुमध्यमा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• हिरण्यहस्ताय: to Hiraṇyahasta (Golden-handed)
• हिरण्यहस्ताय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: हिरण्यहस्त
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• गतः: went/has gone
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle used actively), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• लोकान्: worlds/realms
• लोकान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• देवैः: by the gods
• देवैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अधिष्ठितान्: presided over/ruled
• Type: Verb
• Root: अधि-स्था
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Madirāśvā
• Hiraṇyahasta
• the gods (devas)
• heavenly worlds (lokas)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the dharmic value of proper gifting—especially the socially sanctioned giving of a maiden in marriage (kanyādāna)—and links such righteous conduct with the attainment of exalted, god-governed realms after death.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma recounts that the royal sage Madirāśvā arranged a maiden’s marriage by giving her to Hiraṇyahasta; after fulfilling this duty, he departed and attained heavenly worlds presided over by the gods.