Shloka 47

Śiva-nāmānukīrtana-prastāvaḥ

Prologue to the praise of Śiva and the Upamanyu testimony

Devanagari script

बदरीकुन्दपुन्नागैरशोकाम्रातिमुक्तकै: । मधूकै: कोविदारैश्न चम्पकैः पनसैस्तथा

Transliteration

badarīkunda-punnāgair aśokāmrātimuktakaiḥ | madhūkaiḥ kovidāraiś ca campakaiḥ panasaistathā ||

Translation

Vāsudeva nói: Đạo viện ấy được điểm trang bởi nhiều loài cây rừng kết hoa kết trái—táo jujube, hoa nhài, punnāga, aśoka, xoài, dây leo atimuktaka, madhūka, kovidāra, campaka và mít. Khắp nơi phủ đầy hoa nở, bụi cây và dây leo; những lùm chuối lại càng làm tăng thêm vẻ đẹp. Cảnh ấy làm nổi bật hình dung đạo đức của Mahābhārata về āśrama như một không gian của an hòa, tiết chế và dharma—nơi sự phong phú của thiên nhiên phản chiếu trật tự nội tâm và sự tu dưỡng tinh thần.

Word by Word

• बदरी: with jujube trees (badarī)
• बदरी: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बदरी
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Plural

• कुन्द: with kunda (jasmine) trees/flowers
• कुन्द: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुन्द
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• पुन्नागैः: with punnāga trees
• पुन्नागैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुन्नाग
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अशोक: with aśoka trees
• अशोक: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अशोक
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• आम्र: with mango trees
• आम्र: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आम्र
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अतिमुक्तकैः: with atimuktaka plants/trees
• अतिमुक्तकैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतिमुक्तक
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• मधूकैः: with madhūka (mahua) trees
• मधूकैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधूक
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• कोविदारैः: with kovidāra trees
• कोविदारैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोविदार
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• चम्पकैः: with campaka trees
• चम्पकैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: चम्पक
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• पनसैः: with jackfruit trees
• पनसैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पनस
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• तथा: likewise/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

Speaker

वासुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
• āśrama (hermitage)
• badarī (jujube)
• kunda (jasmine)
• punnāga
• aśoka
• āmra (mango)
• atimuktaka (creeper)
• madhūka (mahua)
• kovidāra
• campaka
• panasa (jackfruit)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse uses the abundance and harmony of an āśrama’s natural setting to evoke dharma: a life ordered by restraint, purity, and spiritual practice. The flourishing trees and creepers function as ethical-symbolic scenery—peaceful surroundings that support right conduct and inner discipline.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāsudeva is describing the beauty of a hermitage, listing many flowering and fruit-bearing trees and noting that the area is filled with blossoms, shrubs, and vines, with banana groves enhancing its splendor. It is a descriptive passage establishing a serene setting.