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Shloka 21

Umā–Maheśvara-saṃvāda: Varṇa-bhraṃśa, Ācāra (Vṛtta), and Karmic Ascent/Decline

देवतास्तस्य तुष्यन्ति कामिकं चापि सिध्यति । अन्यथा हि वृथा मर्त्याः कुर्वते स्वल्पबुद्धयः

devatās tasya tuṣyanti kāmikaṃ cāpi sidhyati | anyathā hi vṛthā martyāḥ kurvate svalpabuddhayaḥ ||

Ai làm đúng như vậy thì chư thiên hoan hỷ, và những ước nguyện chính đáng của người ấy cũng được thành tựu. Còn kẻ trí hẹp, không làm như thế, lại uổng phí kiếp người khi chạy theo những việc khác—hư vọng và vô ích.

देवताःthe deities
देवताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तस्यof him / for him
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तुष्यन्तिare pleased
तुष्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootतुष्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
कामिकम्the desired object / wish
कामिकम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकामिक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सिध्यतिis accomplished / succeeds
सिध्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootसिध्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
अन्यथाotherwise
अन्यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यथा
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
वृथाin vain
वृथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवृथा
मर्त्याःmortals / humans
मर्त्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कुर्वतेdo / undertake
कुर्वते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
स्वल्पबुद्धयःof little understanding
स्वल्पबुद्धयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वल्पबुद्धि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

बलदेव उवाच

B
Baladeva
D
devatāḥ (gods)

Educational Q&A

Rightly performed dharmic conduct brings divine favor and the fulfillment of worthy aims; neglecting it, the short-sighted waste effort on actions that do not yield lasting fruit.

Baladeva is instructing his listener by contrasting two paths: the disciplined, proper course that pleases the gods and succeeds, and the misguided course of the dull-minded who ignore it and toil in vain.