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Shloka 25

Śāṇḍilī–Sumanā-saṃvāda: Sat-strī-samudācāra and Pati-dharma

Conduct of the Virtuous Wife

यज्ञदानतप:शीला नरा वै पुण्यकर्मिण: । येअभिद्रह्मन्ति भूतानि ते वै पापकृतो जना:

vyāsa uvāca | yajñadānatapaḥśīlā narā vai puṇyakarmiṇaḥ | ye 'bhidruhṇanti bhūtāni te vai pāpakṛto janāḥ ||

Vyāsa nói: Những người chuyên cần tế tự, bố thí và khổ hạnh thật là kẻ làm công đức. Còn những ai ôm lòng ác ý đối với muôn loài, làm hại chúng sinh, phải được biết là kẻ tạo tội. Câu kệ đặt thước đo của dharma: tự chế nội tâm và lòng rộng rãi nâng người lên, còn thù hằn với sinh linh là dấu hiệu suy đồi đạo hạnh.

यज्ञदानतपःशीलाःhaving the disposition of sacrifice, charity, and austerity
यज्ञदानतपःशीलाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयज्ञ-दान-तपस्-शील
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नराःmen, people
नराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पुण्यकर्मिणःdoers of meritorious deeds
पुण्यकर्मिणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्यकर्मिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अभिद्रुह्यन्तिact treacherously against, harm
अभिद्रुह्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रुह्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
भूतानिliving beings
भूतानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पापकृतःdoers of sin
पापकृतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपापकृत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
B
bhūtāni (living beings)

Educational Q&A

Merit is defined by sustained commitment to yajña (sacred duty), dāna (generosity), and tapas (self-discipline), while sin is defined by hostility and harm toward living beings. Dharma is measured not only by ritual and ascetic practice but also by one’s attitude and conduct toward all creatures.

In Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction-focused setting, Vyāsa delivers a concise moral criterion: he distinguishes the truly virtuous from the sinful by contrasting religious-ethical practices (sacrifice, charity, austerity) with cruelty or malice toward beings.