Shloka 5

Dāna–Tapaḥ Praśaṃsā and Gṛhastha-Upadeśa

Maitreya

Devanagari script

आत्मवान्‌ भव सुप्रीत: स्वधर्माचरणे रत: । क्षात्रीं तनुं समुत्सृज्य ततो विप्रत्वमेष्यसि

Transliteration

ātmavān bhava suprītaḥ svadharmācaraṇe rataḥ | kṣātrīṁ tanuṁ samutsṛjya tato vipratvam eṣyasi ||

Translation

Vyāsa nói: “Hãy tự chủ, lòng đầy hoan hỷ an nhiên, chuyên tâm thực hành bổn phận của mình. Khi đã rời bỏ thân phận chiến sĩ Kṣatriya, ngươi sẽ đạt đến địa vị Bà-la-môn.”

Word by Word

• आत्मवान्: self-controlled, possessing self
• आत्मवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आत्मवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भव: be
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Imperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सुप्रीतः: well-pleased, very content
• सुप्रीतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुप्रीत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• स्वधर्माचरणे: in the practice of one’s own duty
• स्वधर्माचरणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वधर्म-आचरण
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• रतः: engaged, devoted
• रतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्षात्रीम्: kshatriya (royal/warrior) (as an attribute)
• क्षात्रीम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षात्र
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• तनुम्: body
• तनुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तनु
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• समुत्सृज्य: having abandoned, having given up
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-उत्-√सृज्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• विप्रत्वम्: brahminhood, the state of being a brahmin
• विप्रत्वम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्रत्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• एष्यसि: you will attain/you will go to
• Type: Verb
• Root: √इ (एष् as future-stem)
• Form: Simple Future (Luṭ), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• kṣatriya (warrior/ruler)
• brāhmaṇa (vipra)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Steadfast adherence to one’s svadharma, grounded in self-mastery and inner contentment, purifies the person; after fulfilling the kṣatriya role, one may progress toward the contemplative ideal symbolized by brāhmaṇa-status.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vyāsa delivers instruction that links righteous conduct and disciplined rulership with spiritual elevation, promising that after relinquishing the warrior-embodiment, the listener will attain vipratva (brahminhood).