Shloka 9

Adhyāya 122 — Śruta-vṛtta-yukta Brāhmaṇa and the Ethics of Dāna

Maitreya–Vyāsa Saṃvāda

Devanagari script

सम्भूत: क्षत्रियकुले प्रसादादमितौजस:

Transliteration

sambhūtaḥ kṣatriyakule prasādād amitaujasaḥ | śvapākaśūdravaiśyānāṃ kṣatriyāṇāṃ ca yoniṣu ||

Translation

Vyāsa nói: “Nhờ ân phúc của bậc đại lực, nó được sinh trong dòng Kṣatriya. Rồi sau đó, nó lần lượt đi qua những lần tái sinh trong các thai tạng của kẻ ngoài giai cấp (śvapāka), của Śūdra, của Vaiśya, và cả của Kṣatriya. Lang thang qua nhiều hình thái tồn sinh, cuối cùng nhờ ân huệ của Vyāsa rực rỡ, nó lại được sinh trong dòng Kṣatriya, rồi đến yết kiến các bậc đại hiền ấy.”

Word by Word

• सम्भूतः: born, arisen
• सम्भूतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्भूत (सम्+√भू, क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्षत्रियकुले: in a Kshatriya family
• क्षत्रियकुले: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रियकुल
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• प्रसादात्: from (someone's) grace/favor
• प्रसादात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रसाद
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• अमितौजसः: of immeasurable vigor (the mighty one)
• अमितौजसः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमितौजस्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• श्वपाक: of dog-cookers (outcastes)
• श्वपाक: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वपाक
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• शूद्र: of Shudras
• शूद्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूद्र
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• वैश्यानाम्: of Vaishyas
• वैश्यानाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैश्य
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• क्षत्रियाणाम्: of Kshatriyas
• क्षत्रियाणाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रिय
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• योनिषु: in wombs/births (species)
• योनिषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: योनि
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Plural

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• Kṣatriya (varṇa)
• Śūdra (varṇa)
• Vaiśya (varṇa)
• Śvapāka (outcaste category)
• Mahārṣis (great sages, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores karmic continuity across births and the possibility of uplift through merit and grace (prasāda). Social status and embodiment are shown as outcomes within a larger moral-causal order, not as permanent or absolute identities.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vyāsa describes a being who, after moving through multiple births in various social categories (including outcaste, Śūdra, Vaiśya, and Kṣatriya), finally attains birth in a Kṣatriya family by grace and then approaches great sages for darśana (audience/vision).