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Shloka 20

Kīṭopākhyāna: Prajā-pālana as Kṣatra-vrata and the Attainment of Brāhmaṇya

गर्भमें आये हुए प्राणी मल-मूत्र और पसीनोंके बीचमें रहकर खारे, खट्टे और कड़वे आदि रसोंसे, जिनका स्पर्श अत्यन्त कठोर और दुःखदायी होता है, पकते रहते हैं, जिससे उन्हें बड़ा भारी कष्ट होता है ।।

Bhīṣma uvāca: garbhe āgatāḥ prāṇinaḥ mala-mūtra-sveda-madhye tiṣṭhantaḥ kṣāra-amla-tikta-ādi-rasaiḥ, yeṣāṃ sparśaḥ atyanta-kaṭhoraḥ duḥkhadāyī ca, pacyante; tena teṣāṃ mahān kleśaḥ bhavati. Jātāś ca api avaśāḥ tatra chidyamānāḥ punaḥ punaḥ, pacyamānāś ca dṛśyante vivaśā māṃsa-gṛddhinaḥ, māṃsa-lolupāḥ jīvāḥ.

Bhīṣma nói: Chúng sinh đã vào thai ở giữa nhơ uế—phân, nước tiểu và mồ hôi—và như bị “nấu chín” bởi sự tiếp xúc của vị mặn, chua, đắng và các vị khác, vốn thô bạo và đau đớn tột cùng; vì thế chịu khổ não nặng nề. Và ngay cả sau khi sinh ra, chúng vẫn bất lực: hết lần này đến lần khác bị vũ khí chém cắt và bị “nấu” bởi các tai ương—sự bất lực của những kẻ tham đắm thịt ấy hiện rõ trước mắt.

जाताःborn
जाताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजात (√जन्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अवशाःhelpless, under control
अवशाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
च्छिद्यमानाःbeing cut
च्छिद्यमानाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootछिद्यमान (√छिद्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Passive, Present (participle)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पाच्यमानाःbeing cooked/tormented
पाच्यमानाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपाच्यमान (√पच्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Passive, Present (participle)
दृश्यन्तेare seen/appear
दृश्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Root√दृश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada (passive sense)
विवशाःpowerless
विवशाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविवश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मांसगृद्धिनःgreedy for flesh
मांसगृद्धिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमांसगृद्धि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
G
garbha (womb)
Ś
śastra (weapons)

Educational Q&A

Embodied life is marked by unavoidable suffering from conception onward, and craving—especially the appetite that sustains violence—keeps beings helplessly bound to repeated harm. The ethical implication is to cultivate restraint, compassion, and detachment rather than living by injury and desire.

Bhishma is instructing (in Anushasana Parva) by vividly describing the pain of fetal existence and the continued vulnerability after birth, where beings are repeatedly harmed—symbolized by being cut by weapons and ‘cooked’ by afflictions—highlighting the observable bondage of creatures driven by craving.