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Shloka 8

मांसभक्षण-दोषाः तथा अहिंसाया माहात्म्यम् | Faults of Meat-Consumption and the Supremacy of Ahiṃsā

न तत्‌ परस्य संदध्यात्‌ प्रतिकूलं यदात्मन: । एष संक्षेपतो धर्म: कामादन्य: प्रवर्तते

na tat parasya sandadhyāt pratikūlaṃ yad ātmanaḥ | eṣa saṃkṣepato dharmaḥ kāmād anyaḥ pravartate ||

Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “Điều gì chính mình thấy tổn hại hay trái ý thì chớ làm cho người khác. Ấy là định nghĩa ngắn gọn của dharma. Mọi hành vi trái với điều ấy phát sinh từ kāma—dục vọng—chứ không từ chính đạo.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्that (act/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
परस्यof another (person)
परस्य:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपर
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
संदध्यात्should do/arrange/inflict
संदध्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + धा
Formoptative (vidhiling), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
प्रतिकूलम्unfavorable, harmful
प्रतिकूलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतिकूल
Formneuter, accusative, singular
यत्which/that which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
एषःthis
एषः:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
संक्षेपतःbriefly, in short
संक्षेपतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसंक्षेप
धर्मःdharma, righteous rule
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
कामात्from desire
कामात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
Formmasculine, ablative, singular
अन्यःanother (conduct)
अन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअन्य
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
प्रवर्ततेarises, proceeds, is practiced
प्रवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + वृत्
Formpresent indicative (lat), 3rd, singular, ātmanepada

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

Dharma, in its simplest form, is empathetic restraint: do not impose on others what you would not accept for yourself. Actions that violate this principle are driven by kāma (self-centered desire) rather than righteousness.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction on dharma, Yudhiṣṭhira articulates a concise ethical criterion for right conduct, contrasting dharma with behavior motivated by desire.