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Shloka 45

Tapas-śreṣṭhatā: Anāśana as the Highest Austerity

Bhagīratha–Brahmā Saṃvāda

अतः तुम भी अनशनव्रतसे युक्त होकर सदा ब्राह्मणोंका पूजन करो; क्योंकि ब्राह्मणोंके आशीर्वादसे इह लोक और परलोकमें भी सम्पूर्ण कामनाएँ सिद्ध होती हैं ।।

ataḥ tvam api anāśana-vratena yuktaḥ sadā brāhmaṇānāṁ pūjanaṁ kuru; yasmāt brāhmaṇānām āśīrvādaiḥ iha-loke para-loke ca sarvāḥ kāmanāḥ siddhyanti. vāsobhiḥ annaiḥ gobhiś ca śubhaiḥ eva eṣikaiḥ api; śubhaiḥ sura-gaṇaiḥ api stoṣyā eva dvijāḥ tathā. etad eva paraṁ guhyaṁ dharmam alobhenā samācara; annaṁ vastraṁ gāṁ tathā sundara-gṛhaṁ datvā, kalyāṇakāri-devatā-ārādhanena api, brāhmaṇān eva santōṣayet.

Bhīṣma nói: Vì thế, ngươi cũng hãy giữ lời nguyện nhịn ăn mà luôn tôn kính và thờ phụng các bà-la-môn; bởi nhờ phúc lành của bà-la-môn, mọi ước nguyện đều thành tựu, cả ở đời này lẫn đời sau. Dẫu đem áo quần, lương thực, bò, cùng các lễ vật cát tường khác mà bố thí, dẫu thờ phụng các đoàn thần linh ban phúc, vẫn phải trước hết nỗ lực làm cho bậc “lưỡng sinh” (bà-la-môn) được thỏa lòng. Hãy dứt bỏ lòng tham, thực hành pháp tối mật tối thượng này: dâng thực phẩm, y phục, bò, và cả một nơi cư trú tốt đẹp, lấy việc làm vui lòng các bà-la-môn làm điều trọng yếu nhất.

वासोभिःby garments
वासोभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवासस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
अजन्नैःby goats
अजन्नैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
गौभिःby cows
गौभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शुभैःwith auspicious (things)
शुभैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
ऐशिकैःby worldly/temporal (means)
ऐशिकैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootऐशिक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
शुभैःwith auspicious (things)
शुभैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
सुरगणैःby hosts of gods
सुरगणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसुरगण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
स्तोṣ्याःto be pleased / should be satisfied
स्तोṣ्याः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्तु (धातु)
FormGerundive (future passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
एवindeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
द्विजाःBrahmins (twice-born)
द्विजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाthus/in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Brahmins (Brāhmaṇāḥ / Dvijāḥ)
G
gods (Sura-gaṇāḥ)
F
food (anna)
C
clothing (vāsaḥ/vastra)
C
cows (go)
H
house/dwelling (gṛha)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that the highest practical religious-ethical priority is to honor and satisfy Brahmins through reverence and gifts, undertaken with freedom from greed; their blessings are said to secure success of aims in both this life and the next.

In Anushasana Parva, Bhishma continues his instruction on dharma, emphasizing vows (like fasting), charitable giving (food, clothing, cows, even a house), and the superior merit of pleasing Brahmins—presented as a ‘supremely secret’ guideline for righteous conduct.