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Shloka 38

Tapas-śreṣṭhatā: Anāśana as the Highest Austerity

Bhagīratha–Brahmā Saṃvāda

सरय्वां बाहुदायां च गंगायामथ नैमिषे । गवां शतानामयुतमददं न च तेन वै

Sarayvāṁ Bāhudāyāṁ ca Gaṅgāyām atha Naimiṣe | gavāṁ śatānām ayutam adadaṁ na ca tena vai ||

Bhagīratha thưa: “Tại sông Sarayū, tại Bāhudā, tại Gaṅgā và tại Naimiṣa, ta đã bố thí số bò nhiều đến vô lượng (một đại thí về gia súc). Thế nhưng, ngay cả nhờ công đức của những bố thí ấy, ta cũng không đạt đến cảnh giới này. Chỉ nhờ uy lực của lời nguyện nhịn ăn (anasana-vrata) mà ta mới được cõi hiếm có này.”

सरय्वाम्in (the river) Sarayū
सरय्वाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसरयू
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
बाहुदायाम्in (the river) Bāhudā
बाहुदायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootबाहुदा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गङ्गायाम्in (the river) Gaṅgā
गङ्गायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगङ्गा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
अथthen / and also
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
नैमिषेat Naimiṣa (forest/holy place)
नैमिषे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनैमिष
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
गवाम्of cows
गवाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
शतानाम्of hundreds
शतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootशत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
अयुतम्a myriad; ten-thousand (as a count)
अयुतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअयुत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अददम्I gave
अददम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेनby that / by it
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै

भगीरथ उवाच

B
Bhagīratha
S
Sarayū (river)
B
Bāhudā (river)
G
Gaṅgā (river)
N
Naimiṣa (Naimiṣāraṇya)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts external religious merit (pilgrimage and massive charity such as go-dāna) with inner austerity and disciplined vows. Bhagīratha emphasizes that extraordinary spiritual attainment is not guaranteed by quantity of gifts alone; steadfast tapas—here, the fasting vow—can be decisive.

Bhagīratha speaks about his past acts of pilgrimage to major sacred sites and his immense donations of cows. He then states that those acts did not bring him to the present rare state/realm; rather, he attributes his attainment to the power of his anasana-vrata (fasting austerity).