Shloka 10

Dhūpa–Dīpa–Bali Phala Praśna; Nahūṣa–Agastya–Bhṛgu Saṃvāda

Incense, Lamp, and Bali Offerings; the Nahūṣa Dialogue

Devanagari script

अथेन्द्रोड5हमिति ज्ञात्वा अहंकारं समाविशत्‌ । सर्वाश्वैव क्रियास्तस्य पर्यहीयन्त भूपते:

Transliteration

athendro ’ham iti jñātvā ahaṅkāraṃ samāviśat | sarvāś caiva kriyās tasya paryahīyanta bhūpate ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: “Rồi, khi tự nhủ: ‘Ta là Indra’, ngài bị ngã vào quyền lực của ngã mạn. Từ đó, tâu Đại vương, mọi việc làm chính đáng và mọi hành động hữu hiệu của vị quân vương ấy bắt đầu héo tàn, tiêu tán.”

Word by Word

• अथ: then/thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अहम्
• Form: Nominative, Singular

• इति: thus (quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• ज्ञात्वा: having known/realized
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)

• अहंकारम्: ego/pride
• अहंकारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहंकार
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• समाविशत्: entered/was seized by
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-विश्
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सर्वाः: all
• सर्वाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• क्रियाः: actions/activities
• क्रियाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रिया
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• तस्य: of him/of that (king)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• पर्यहीयन्त: were diminished/failed/declined
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-हा
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), Third, Plural, Ātmanepada

• भूपतेः: of the king
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूपति
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma (speaker)
• Indra
• bhūpati (the king addressed; likely Yudhishthira in context)