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Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 9

Āloka-dāna (Dīpa-dāna), Sumanas–Dhūpa–Dīpa Phala: Manu–Suvarṇa and Śukra–Bali Exempla

सुमनोभिर्यदिज्यन्ते दैवतानि प्रजेश्वर । किमेतत्‌ कथमुत्पन्नं फलं योगं च शंस मे

sumano-bhir yad ijyante daivatāni prajeśvara | kim etat katham utpannaṁ phalaṁ yogaṁ ca śaṁsa me ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Ôi Chúa tể muôn loài, khi chư thần được thờ phụng bằng những đóa hoa thơm, thực chất của phép ấy là gì? Nó phát sinh thế nào? Nó đem lại quả gì, và nên được ứng dụng đúng đắn ra sao? Xin hãy nói cho ta thật rõ.”

सुमनोभिःwith flowers
सुमनोभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसुमनस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
यत्which/that (practice/act)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
इज्यन्तेare worshipped
इज्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootयज्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada, Passive
दैवतानिthe deities
दैवतानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदैवत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
प्रजेश्वरO lord of creatures
प्रजेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजेश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
उत्पन्नम्arisen/originated
उत्पन्नम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्पन्न
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
फलम्fruit/result
फलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
योगम्application/use; method
योगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शंसtell; declare
शंस:
TypeVerb
Rootशंस्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
P
Prajeshvara (Lord of creatures)
D
Daivatas (deities)
F
Flowers (sumanaḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharmic inquiry into devotional ritual: it asks for the origin, correct method, and ethical-spiritual results (phala) of worshipping deities with flowers, emphasizing that ritual acts should be understood in purpose and proper application, not performed mechanically.

Bhishma addresses a ‘Lord of creatures’ (prajeśvara) and requests an explanation about the established custom of offering flowers in deity-worship—how it began, what benefits it yields, and how it should be rightly practiced.