Shloka 45

Droṇa’s Ācārya-Dakṣiṇā: Capture of Drupada and Division of Pāñcāla (द्रोण-आचार्यदक्षिणा)

Devanagari script

ततो दुर्योधन: पापस्तद्धक्ष्ये कालकूटकम्‌ । विषं प्रक्षेपपामास भीमसेनजिघांसया

Transliteration

tato duryodhanaḥ pāpas tad dhakṣye kālakūṭakam | viṣaṃ prakṣepapāmāsa bhīmasenajighāṃsayā ||

Translation

Bấy giờ Duryodhana tội lỗi, quyết tâm diệt Bhīmasena, đã cho trộn thứ độc dược chết người mang tên Kālakūṭa vào phần ăn của chàng. Trong khi đó, ở phía sau, các Kaurava và Pāṇḍava—đến vui chơi trong khu vườn xinh đẹp—vẫn đùa giỡn, đút từng miếng ăn cho nhau; nhưng lòng Duryodhana đã biến trò vui vô tư ấy thành dịp phản trắc và mưu sát.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya

• दुर्योधनः: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पापः: sinful, wicked
• पापः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तत्: that (poison/thing)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• धक्ष्ये: I will burn/consume
• Type: Verb
• Root: दह् (धातु)
• Form: Future, Parasmaipada, 1st person, Singular

• कालकूटकम्: Kālakūṭa poison
• कालकूटकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कालकूटक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• विषम्: poison
• विषम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• प्रक्षेपम्: throwing in, casting (insertion)
• प्रक्षेपम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रक्षेप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आमास: he measured out/arranged; (here) he caused/ordered
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + मा (धातु)
• Form: Perfect, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular

• भीमसेन: Bhīmasena
• भीमसेन: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• जिघांसया: with the desire to kill
• जिघांसया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जिघांसा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Duryodhana
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• Kālakūṭa (poison)
• Kauravas
• Pāṇḍavas
• garden (udyāna)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how envy and adharma corrupt even ordinary, innocent situations: Duryodhana’s intent to kill by poison exemplifies treachery and moral collapse, setting the ethical contrast between righteous conduct and destructive jealousy.

What is happening in the narrative?

While the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas are playfully sharing food during recreation in a garden, Duryodhana secretly arranges for the deadly poison Kālakūṭa to be mixed into Bhīma’s food, attempting to kill him.