Kurma Purana — Uttara Bhaga, Shloka 98

Prāyaścitta for Theft, Forbidden Foods, Impurity, and Ritual Lapses; Tīrtha–Vrata Remedies; Pativratā Mahātmyam via Sītā and Agni

Devanagari script

त्रयोदश्यां तथा रात्रौ सोपहारं त्रिलोचनम् / दृष्ट्वेशं प्रथमे यामे मुच्यते सर्वपातकैः

Transliteration

trayodaśyāṃ tathā rātrau sopahāraṃ trilocanam / dṛṣṭveśaṃ prathame yāme mucyate sarvapātakaiḥ

Translation

Vào đêm ngày thứ mười ba (trayodaśī), ai chiêm bái Đấng Ba Mắt (Śiva) cùng các phẩm vật cúng dường—đã thấy Chúa Tể trong canh đầu của đêm—người ấy được giải thoát khỏi mọi tội lỗi.

Word by Word

• त्रयोदश्याम्: on the thirteenth (tithi)
• त्रयोदश्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रयोदशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• तथा: also
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयार्थक

• रात्रौ: at night
• रात्रौ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (वैकल्पिक रूप ‘रात्रौ’)

• स-उपहारम्: with offerings
• स-उपहारम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (प्रातिपदिक/उपसर्गार्थ ‘with’) + उपहार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; अव्ययीभावः—‘सोपहारम्’ = उपहारसहितम्

• त्रि-लोचनम्: the three-eyed one (Śiva)
• त्रि-लोचनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + लोचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समासः—द्विगु/तत्पुरुषप्रायः (त्रीणि लोचनानि यस्य) प्रचलित-नाम; शिवस्य नाम

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभावः; अर्थः—having seen

• ईशम्: the Lord (Īśa/Śiva)
• ईशम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• प्रथमे: in the first
• प्रथमे: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; ‘यामे’ इति विशेषणम्

• यामे: watch (of the night)
• यामे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: याम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• मुच्यते: is released
• मुच्यते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुच् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोगः

• सर्व-पातकैः: from all sins/offences
• सर्व-पातकैः: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + पातक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; ‘from all sins’ अर्थे अपादान-भावः

Speaker

Narrator (Purāṇic instruction within the Kurma Purana’s vrata/dharma discourse; traditionally framed by Vyasa/Sūta in transmission)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Shiva
• Trilocana
• Isha

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It implies that liberation from sin arises through Īśvara-darśana (direct devotional vision of the Lord), pointing to the Purāṇic view that grace and God-realization purify the inner self and remove karmic obscurations.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse emphasizes a disciplined sacred timing (trayodaśī night), vigil in the first yāma, and worship with offerings—elements akin to vrata-yoga and bhakti-based concentration where regulated conduct supports inner purification.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By presenting Īśa/Trilocana as the salvific Lord within a Vaiṣṇava Purāṇa, it reflects the Kurma Purana’s Shaiva-Vaishnava synthesis: devotion to the one Lord expressed through Śiva leads to purification and spiritual uplift.