Shloka 10

Viṣṇv-ekapūjya-nirṇaya; Gaṅgā-Viṣṇupadī-māhātmya; Kali-yuga doṣa; Puṣkara-dharma of Viṣṇu-smaraṇa

Devanagari script

द्वितीयेनैव रूपेण गङ्गा भार्या च शन्तनोः / सुषेणा वै सुषेणस्य भार्या सा वानरी स्मृता

Transliteration

dvitīyenaiva rūpeṇa gaṅgā bhāryā ca śantanoḥ / suṣeṇā vai suṣeṇasya bhāryā sā vānarī smṛtā

Translation

Trong sự hiển lộ thứ hai, Gaṅgā trở thành hiền thê của vua Śantanu. Và Suṣeṇā—được nhớ là một vānarī (nữ nhân loài khỉ)—quả thật đã làm vợ của Suṣeṇa.

Word by Word

• dvitīyena: by/with the second
• dvitīyena: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dvitīya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter/Masculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular; used with ‘rūpeṇa’

• eva: indeed/only
• eva: Emphasis (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable; emphatic particle

• rūpeṇa: by (her) form
• rūpeṇa: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• gaṅgā: Gaṅgā
• gaṅgā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaṅgā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• bhāryā: wife
• bhāryā: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• śantanoḥ: of Śantanu
• śantanoḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śantanu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• suṣeṇā: Suṣeṇā
• suṣeṇā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: suṣeṇā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• vai: indeed
• vai: Emphasis (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable; emphatic particle (वै)

• suṣeṇasya: of Suṣeṇa
• suṣeṇasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: suṣeṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• bhāryā: wife
• bhāryā: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• sā: she
• sā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; demonstrative pronoun

• vānarī: a she-monkey (vānarī)
• vānarī: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānarī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; predicate noun

• smṛtā: is called/was known
• smṛtā: Kriyā (क्रियासमाना)
• Type: Verb
• Root: smṛ (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Feminine, Nominative, Singular; used predicatively ‘is said/known as’

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Purāṇic-itihāsa integration: one divine principle assumes roles within human history (queen, consort) and non-human lineages (vānarī) without losing essential sanctity.

Vedantic Theme: Līlā and upādhi: the divine appearing through varied limiting adjuncts; identity across transformations.

Application: Read mythic genealogies as symbolic mappings of values and relationships; maintain reverence for the sacred even when it appears in worldly roles.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: royal court/riverine kingdom context

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.29.9 (four forms); Garuda Purana 3.29.11 (Māṇḍūkinī)

Characters & Entities

• Ganga
• Shantanu
• Sushena
• Sushena (female: Sushena/Suṣeṇā)

FAQs

What is the importance of describing multiple forms (rūpas) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse highlights how a single being may be remembered through different manifestations and relationships, helping preserve Purāṇic lineages and identity-mappings across narratives.

How does this verse relate to the Garuda Purana’s broader teaching?

Although not a death-ritual verse, it reflects the Purāṇic method of linking sacred figures (like Gaṅgā) to historical-kingship and remembered forms, which supports continuity of dharma narratives across chapters.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat sacred names and stories with contextual care—many traditions preserve layered identities; studying them patiently improves scriptural literacy and respectful ritual or recitation practice.