Shloka 99

Mahālakṣmī’s Forms, Brahmā’s Fourfold Origin, Vāyu’s Names and Soteriology, and Bhāratī’s Manifestations

Devanagari script

केवला भारती ज्ञेया काशिराजस्य कन्यका / काली नाम्ना तु सा ज्ञेया भीमसेनप्रिया सदा

Transliteration

kevalā bhāratī jñeyā kāśirājasya kanyakā / kālī nāmnā tu sā jñeyā bhīmasenapriyā sadā

Translation

Hãy biết nàng là Kevalā Bhāratī, ái nữ của vua xứ Kāśī. Nàng cũng được gọi là Kālī, mãi mãi là người được Bhīmasena yêu quý.

Word by Word

• kevalā: pure / mere / alone
• kevalā: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kevala (केवल)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular

• bhāratī: Bharati (Goddess Saraswati)
• bhāratī: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāratī (भारती)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular

• jñeyā: to be known / understood
• jñeyā: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jñā (ज्ञा)
• Form: Potential Participle (यत्), Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• kāśirājasya: of the King of Kashi
• kāśirājasya: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāśirāja (काशिराज)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular

• kanyakā: daughter
• kanyakā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kanyakā (कन्यका)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular

• kālī: Kali
• kālī: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kālī (काली)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular

• nāmnā: by name
• nāmnā: Prakriti-Dibhya-Upasankhyanam (Nature/Identity)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nāman (नामन्)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental (तृतीया), Singular

• tu: but / indeed
• tu: None
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (तु)
• Form: Conjunction

• sā: she
• sā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद्)
• Form: Pronoun, Feminine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular

• jñeyā: to be known
• jñeyā: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jñā (ज्ञा)
• Form: Potential Participle (यत्), Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• bhīmasenapriyā: dear to Bhimasena
• bhīmasenapriyā: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhīmasenapriyā (भीमसेनप्रिया)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular

• sadā: always
• sadā: Kala-Adhikaran (Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadā (सदा)
• Form: Adverb of time

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Names and lineage function as dharmic identifiers; constancy of affection/loyalty is praised (ever dear to Bhīmasena).

Vedantic Theme: Nāma-rūpa as conventional markers within saṃsāra; steadiness (dhṛti) as sattvic virtue.

Application: Maintain integrity of identity and commitments; use names/roles as responsibilities rather than ego-ornaments.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: sacred city/kingdom

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana genealogical/itihāsa-based exempla used to illustrate dharma and character traits

Characters & Entities

• Kashi-raja (King of Kāśī)
• Kevalā Bhāratī
• Kālī
• Bhīmasena

FAQs

What is the importance of identifying Kevalā Bhāratī (Kālī) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse functions as an identification note—linking a person by multiple names and lineage—helping readers track characters and traditions across Purāṇic narratives.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul or afterlife teachings in the Garuda Purana?

This specific verse is not an afterlife instruction; it is a contextual genealogical/character identification within the chapter’s narrative framework.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When studying the Garuda Purana (including death-ritual sections), cross-check alternate names and epithets to avoid confusion and preserve accurate recitation, annotation, and teaching.