Garuda Purana — Brahma Khanda, Shloka 15

Manvantara Catalog: Fourteen Manus, Their Sons, Saptarishis, Indras, Deva-Hosts, and the 18 Vidyās

Devanagari script

ज्योतिर्धामा पृथुः (धृष्ट) काव्यश्चैत्रश्चेताग्निहेमकाः (कौ) / मुनयः कीर्तिताः सप्त सुरागाः सुधियस्तथा

Transliteration

jyotirdhāmā pṛthuḥ (dhṛṣṭa) kāvyaścaitraścetāgnihemakāḥ (kau) / munayaḥ kīrtitāḥ sapta surāgāḥ sudhiyastathā

Translation

Jyotirdhāmā, Pṛthu (hoặc Dhṛṣṭa), Kāvya, Caitra, Cetā, Agni và Hemaka—được xưng tụng là bảy vị hiền thánh (muni), đức hạnh và trí tuệ.

Word by Word

• ज्योतिर्धामा: Jyotirdhāmā (name)
• ज्योतिर्धामा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक) + धामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचनम् (Nominative singular) — नाम

• पृथुः: Pṛthu (name)
• पृथुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचनम् (Nominative singular) — नाम

• धृष्टः: Dhṛṣṭa (name)
• धृष्टः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचनम् (Nominative singular) — नाम (कोष्ठकस्थ-पाठ)

• काव्यः: Kāvya (name)
• काव्यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचनम् (Nominative singular) — नाम

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• ऐत्रः: Caitra (name)
• ऐत्रः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऐत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचनम् (Nominative singular) — नाम (IAST: caitraḥ)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• एत: this/that
• एत: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम् — समासपूर्वपद (in compound)

• अग्नि: Agni (fire; name element)
• अग्नि: Sambandha (Compound member/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; समासपूर्वपद (in compound)

• हेमकाः: Hemakas (name(s))
• हेमकाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हेमक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचनम् (Nominative plural) — नाम (समूह/द्वय-नाम; पाठसन्दिग्धः)

• कौ: the two (which two)
• कौ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा द्विवचनम् (Nominative dual) — कोष्ठकस्थ-पाठ; ‘कौ’ = ‘which two’/‘those two’ (पाठभेद)

• मुनयः: sages
• मुनयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचनम् (Nominative plural)

• कीर्तिताः: are proclaimed/mentioned
• कीर्तिताः: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कीर्त् (धातु) → कीर्तित (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (past passive participle); पुल्लिङ्गे प्रथमा बहुवचनम् (Nominative plural) — ‘उक्ताः/वर्णिताः’

• सप्त: seven
• सप्त: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सप्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक-विशेषण; पुल्लिङ्गे प्रथमा बहुवचनम् — मुनयः इत्यस्य संख्या

• सुरागाः: Surāgas (name/group)
• सुरागाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुराग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचनम् (Nominative plural) — नाम/विशेषणरूपेण

• सुधियः: Sudhiyas (the wise; name/group)
• सुधियः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचनम् (Nominative plural) — नाम/विशेषणरूपेण

• तथा: thus/also
• तथा: Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारार्थक (thus/also)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue to Garuda/Vinātā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Sagehood as the embodiment of dharma and right understanding; ‘sudhī’ (good intellect) as a praised ideal.

Vedantic Theme: Sattva-guṇa refinement leading to clarity (viveka) and wisdom; the guru/ṛṣi principle as a conduit for śāstra-jñāna.

Application: Honor teachers and cultivate ‘sudhī’ through study, restraint, and truthful speech; take the ‘seven sages’ as a model for disciplined life.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: celestial assembly of sages

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.87 (ṛṣi and gaṇa listings around this verse)

Characters & Entities

• Jyotirdhāmā
• Pṛthu
• Dhṛṣṭa (variant)
• Kāvya
• Caitra
• Cetā
• Agni
• Hemaka
• Munis (Sages)

FAQs

What is the importance of the Sapta Rishis-type lists in the Garuda Purana?

This verse preserves a traditional enumeration of revered seers, emphasizing the authority of rishi-lineages that transmit dharma and sacred knowledge.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: by honoring the sages as custodians of dharma, it points to right conduct and scriptural guidance as the basis for a favorable spiritual destiny.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Study and follow dharmic teachings preserved through authentic lineages, and cultivate ‘sudhī’—clear, ethical discernment—in daily decisions.