Shloka 81

Devatā-Pratiṣṭhā: Maṇḍapa Construction, Dikpāla Worship, Kalaśa-Abhiṣeka, Nyāsa and Homa Procedures

Devanagari script

आज्यं तयोः सहकारि तत्प्रधानं यदङ्क(क्ष)योः / परुषसुक्तं पूर्वेणैव रुद्रचैव तु दक्षिणे

Transliteration

ājyaṃ tayoḥ sahakāri tatpradhānaṃ yadaṅka(kṣa)yoḥ / paruṣasuktaṃ pūrveṇaiva rudracaiva tu dakṣiṇe

Translation

Bơ tinh luyện (ghee) là yếu tố trợ duyên cho hai lễ vật ấy, và được xem là lễ phẩm chính tại chỗ giao hội của chúng. Puruṣa-sūkta được tụng ở phía Đông, còn thánh tụng Rudra được tụng ở phía Nam.

Word by Word

• आज्यम्: ghee
• आज्यम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• तयोः: of those two
• तयोः: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), द्विवचन (pronominal)

• सहकारि: auxiliary/helping
• सहकारि: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सहकारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषण—‘सहकारि’ (helping/auxiliary)

• तत्प्रधानम्: chief among them / their principal
• तत्प्रधानम्: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम) + प्रधान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; समासः—तत्प्रधानम् (तयोः प्रधानम्/तत् प्रधानम्) तत्पुरुषः; विशेषण

• यत्: which
• यत्: Sambandha (Relative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक सर्वनाम (relative)

• अङ्कयोः: of the two laps/sides (variant reading)
• अङ्कयोः: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अङ्क (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), द्विवचन; पाठान्तर-सूचना: अङ्कयोः/अक्षयोः (variant)

• परुषसुक्तम्: the Puruṣa-sūkta
• परुषसुक्तम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परुष + सूक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; समासः—परुषसूक्तम् (परुषं सूक्तम्/परुषस्य सूक्तम्) तत्पुरुषः; (नाम)

• पूर्वेण: on the east side / by the east
• पूर्वेण: Adhikarana/Desha (Directional)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; दिशावाचक (by/at the east)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Prayojaka (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphasis)

• रुद्रम्: (the) Rudra (hymn/mantra)
• रुद्रम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (नाम)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Prayojaka (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphasis)

• तु: and/but
• तु: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषार्थक अव्यय (but/indeed)

• दक्षिणे: in the south
• दक्षिणे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; दिशावाचक (in/on the south)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ājya functions as the key enabling medium for offerings; mantra placement by direction (Puruṣa-sūkta east, Rudra south) structures the rite’s protective and integrative power.

Vedantic Theme: Unity (Puruṣa) and transformative awe (Rudra) held together within ordered practice; harmonizing totality and fierce purification.

Application: In homa, use ghee appropriately as the principal carrier, and follow directional recitation rules to maintain ritual coherence and intended effects.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: directional stations around the vedi

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.48.80 (tila and samidh as dravya); Garuda Purana 1.48.79 (dikpāla-bali; directional logic)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda
• Puruṣa-sūkta
• Rudra

FAQs

What is the importance of ghee (ājya) in Garuda Purana rituals?

This verse states that ājya functions as the key assisting and principal offering element, supporting the efficacy of the rite at the crucial junction of actions/offerings.

Why are Puruṣa-sūkta and Rudra recited in specific directions?

The verse prescribes directional placement—Puruṣa-sūkta to the east and Rudra to the south—indicating a formal Vedic arrangement meant to align the rite with sacred spatial order.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

If performing Shraddha or related rites, follow tradition: use ājya as the primary supportive offering and recite mantras with correct orientation, ideally under guidance of a qualified priest to preserve ritual accuracy.