Shloka 26

Sup–Tiṅ Foundations: Prātipadika, Vibhaktis/Kārakas, and Lakāras

Tense–Mood System

Devanagari script

सदृशास्तव्यता ण्यद्यदनीयाश्च तृजादयः

Transliteration

sadṛśāstavyatā ṇyadyadanīyāśca tṛjādayaḥ

Translation

Cũng vậy, có những người đáng được tán dương và những kẻ đáng bị quở trách—như nhóm bắt đầu với tṛjā và các vị khác—tùy theo bản tính và hạnh kiểm của họ.

Word by Word

• सदृशाः: similar
• सदृशाः: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सदृश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• अस्तव्यताः: (forms/words) ending in -tavyatā / the -tavyatā formations
• अस्तव्यताः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्तव्यता (प्रातिपदिक; भाववाचक-स्त्रीलिङ्ग)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• ण्यत्: the suffix ṇyat
• ण्यत्: Sambandha (Reference/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ण्यत् (प्रत्यय-नाम; प्रातिपदिकवत्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; प्रत्यय-निर्देश (suffix-name)

• यत्: the suffix yat
• यत्: Sambandha (Reference/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यत् (प्रत्यय-नाम; प्रातिपदिकवत्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; प्रत्यय-निर्देश (suffix-name)

• अनीयाḥ: the -anīya (gerundive) forms
• अनीयाḥ: Sambandha (Reference/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनीय (प्रत्यय-नाम; प्रातिपदिकवत्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; प्रत्यय-निर्देश (suffix-name)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• तृजादयः: (the group) beginning with tṛj, etc.
• तृजादयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तृज + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; ‘तृज’ इत्यादि-गण (etc. beginning with tṛj)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Stuti and nindā should be applied according to svabhāva (nature) and ācāra (conduct), not favoritism.

Vedantic Theme: Guṇa-karma-vibhāga and the need for sattvic discrimination (viveka) in judgment.

Application: Evaluate people and actions by observable conduct and character; cultivate fair praise and constructive censure in community life.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: dharma-nirṇaya passages on stuti/nindā and guṇa-based assessment (general thematic link)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of distinguishing praiseworthy and blameworthy conduct in the Garuda Purana?

This verse highlights that actions and dispositions are evaluated as worthy of praise or censure, reinforcing dharma-based discernment that shapes merit (puṇya) and demerit (pāpa).

How does this verse explain the path of the soul in terms of karma?

By implying moral classification of behavior, it supports the Garuda Purana’s broader teaching that one’s post-death experience follows from the ethical quality of one’s deeds and tendencies.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use dharmic discernment: adopt conduct that is beneficial, truthful, and socially sustaining (praiseworthy), and avoid harmful, exploitative, or degrading behavior (blameworthy).